國際綜評性論文之分析

Analyses of international review article

10.3966/102472972017125004001

張育愷(Yu-Kai Chang)；宋岱芬(Tai-Fen Song)；陳豐慈(Feng-Tzu Chen)

敘述式綜評 ； 系統性綜評 ； 統合分析 ； 學術品質 ； narrative review ； systematic review ； meta-analytic review ； quality of research

體育學報

50卷4期（2017 / 12 / 01）

375 - 384

繁體中文

學術研究發表為研究者傳播知識的主要渠道之一，故學術社群經常將發表視為客觀性評估學術表現之參考依據。近年，體育運動領域的學者在期刊論文發表已有顯著與持續的整體提升，然其主要型態係以實證性研究為主，而綜評此另一種重要型態的期刊論文則相對較少被聚焦。為此，本文之主旨在針對綜評進行基本概念之介紹。經統整國際綜評趨勢後，本文指出主要綜評類型包括有敘述式、系統性，及統合分析式三種。敘述式綜評為所有類型中相對簡易與富有彈性，其架構主要是聚焦於一段時間內對特定主題的陳述，並將之分做群組分類與探討。而系統性綜評在擇選文獻上則相對嚴謹，其具備使用方法與可複製性、清楚地定義問題、全面性的搜尋策略、詳盡的納入標準、以方法學品質評估等特徵。統合分析式綜評則為層次相對高之綜評類型，其主要多了較為「客觀」之統計方式進行文獻評價與整理。最後，作者亦以自身經驗歸納出撰述國內與國際綜評時可思考之要點。以國內社群方面而言，針對各群組進行摘要整理、撰述群組時以概念性加以整合、引用第一手資料，以及較新的文獻等要點，可作為未來撰述綜評之思量。而在國際社群方面，全面性搜尋、圖表統合、建立新理論或模式，以及跨領域結合等要點亦可作為日後參考。本文期望透過此綜評之簡易介紹，能提供國內體育運動領域學者增加對於綜評之知能，再次提升學術期刊論文品質之方向邁進。

Academic research is one of the main approaches used in presenting new scientific knowledge, and the academic community generally employs research approaches as objective indices in order to evaluate academic performance. Recently, the field of Physical Education, Sports and Exercise has shown great progress in publishing journal papers. For the most part, empirical studies are typically the relevant material. However, reviews, another important area of research, are generally not given much attention. Therefore, the present manuscript attempts to provide a brief review concerning the basic concept of reviews. After integrating international trends applicable for reviewing, we concluded that the narrative review, the systematic review, and the meta-analytic review are the three main types of reviews. Among all the types of reviews, the narrative review is simpler and has more flexibility, and permits describing the specific topic with brevity and with further classification and discussion. The systematic review is related in a more rigorous manner, because this type of reporting uses methods targeting the study's reproducibility, including its defining of questions, its broadly conceived research strategy, and the criteria of its details, while evaluating its quality of research methodology. The meta-analytic review is the highest level of all the review types, because it uses statistical analysis methods as objective indices in order to measure and evaluate the study's outcome. Lastly, the author has also provided several suggestions based upon professional authors' experiences, which should be considered by those writing reviews, both nationally and internationally. Regarding the national community, providing abstracts for each group title, integrating conceptually the group titles, citing original information, and referencing the latest journal papers, are to be considered as professional standards for writing reviews in the future. For submitting a journal paper to the international community, we suggested that future experts can and ought to use broadly conceived research methods, by integrating figures and tables, building new theories and models, and applying multidisciplinary approaches in order to increase visibility for the review. This manuscript that briefly introduces a review may provide the knowledge basis regarding the purposes of the review, thereby enabling further methods for improving the quality of academic research the in Physical Education, Sports and Exercise field.

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