臺灣地區青少年身體質量指數、肥胖盛行率與社經地位的關聯：2007-2012體適能資料庫追蹤

Body mass index, the prevalence of overweight and obesity, and socioeconomic status among Taiwanese Adolescents: A longitudinal study from 2007-2012 physical fitness database

10.3966/10247297201712500S004

倪瑛蓮(Ying-Lien Ni)；陳龍弘(Lung-Hung Chen)；張仁和(Jen-Ho Chang)

家庭基本收支 ； 體位 ； 過重 ； 肥胖防治 ； household's income ； body stature ； overweight ； obesity prevention

體育學報

50卷S期（2017 / 12 / 02）

47 - 60

繁體中文

緒論：瞭解臺灣12至17歲青少年身體質量指數(BMI)分布情形及其肥胖盛行率，並探討社經地位與臺灣青少年肥胖關係。方法：本研究使用教育部體適能資料庫與中華民國統計資訊網之縣市家庭收支重要統計指標進行資料收集，其中，以教育部體適能資料庫中31,669位12至17歲青少年完整記錄每年身體質量指數者為研究對象，採用描述性統計及皮爾森積差相關進行結果分析。結果：一、青少年肥胖及過重比例結構未有明顯增加的趨勢，不同性別肥胖盛行率呈現不同樣態，且肥胖與過重者BMI數值有持續上升趨勢。二、各年齡階段青少年縣市平均家戶收入與縣市過重及肥胖率大致呈現負相關。結論：本研究檢視臺灣地區青少年的身體質量指數與肥胖盛行情形，並發現縣市平均社經地位越低其肥胖及體重過重人口越多。本研究重要性與貢獻在於，研究結果提供相關單位參酌並透過可改變環境因素及資源投入緩和社經地位對青少年體型的可能影響，並彌補相關校園介入計畫抑或是肥胖介入計畫的缺口。

Introduction: This study investigated the distribution of body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Taiwanese adolescents. In addition, we explored the influence of socioeconomic status on the prevalence of obesity and overweight changes with age. Methods: Nationally representative data was obtained from Taiwan School Physical Fitness Database and the survey of family income and expenditure. A sample of 31,669 adolescents was drawn from Ministry of Education databases of physical fitness test whose body mass index was recorded from age 12 to 17 years. Furthermore, descriptive statistic and Pearson correlation coefficients were computed. Results: The findings showed that the structure among obesity and overweight adolescents was slightly changed, but an increase in BMI was found among obesity and overweight adolescents. There was gender differences in the prevalence of obesity and overweight and then a negative relationship was found between the average of family income per household in each district region and the rate of obesity among adolescents. Conclusion: This study revealed the distribution of BMI and the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Taiwanese adolescents. Moreover, socioeconomic status was negatively linked to adolescent obesity in Taiwan. This study proposed relevant suggestions based on the findings. In addition, it could be a formal reference for preventing adolescent obesity in the future of educational programs and interventions.

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