上肢疲勞效應對棒球投擲動作之影響

10.6223/qcpe.2403.201009.2013

廖晏崧；王苓華

投手 ； 肌電圖 ； 投擲動作

中華體育季刊

24卷3期（2010 / 09 / 01）

116 - 123

繁體中文

棒球投手過量之重複性投擲動作易產生上肢傷害的風險，其原因和個體本身之技巧及學習控制有關之外，投球產生的疲勞也是重要因素之一。投球動作之疲勞形態屬選擇性部位的疲勞，如肩部屈曲、內收及內旋肌群疲勞，因此，造成肌肉力量運作之協調及型態改變，破壞肌肉控制能力。由於疲勞阻礙了穩定關節之神經肌肉反應，導致運動表現下降，甚至可能造成關節不穩定及傷害。本文統整先前實證性研究文獻，瞭解過去相關疲勞研究的建立流程，並從生物力學角度探討上肢疲勞對棒球投擲運動的影響，或許有助於達到更完整的訓練及復健方法，並提高運動表現之水準。

1. 彭怡千、王苓華(2009)。棒球投手投球速度之生物力學探討。中華體育，23(3)，85-92。
   連結：
2. Andreassen, S.,Arendt-Nielsen, L.(1987).Muscle fibre conduction velocity in motor units of the human anterior tibial muscle: A new size principle parameter.Journal of Physiology,391,561-571.
3. Aymard, C.,Katz, R.,Lafitte, C.,Lebozec, S.,Penicaud, A.(1995).Changes in reciprocal and transjoint inhibition induced by muscle fatigue in man.Experimental Brain Research,106(3),418-424.
4. Blangsted, A. K.,Sjogaard, G.,Madeleine, P.,Olsen, H. B.,Sogaard, K.(2005).Voluntary low-force contraction elicits prolonged low-frequency fatigue and changes in surface electromyography and mechanomyography.Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology,15(2),138-148.
5. Bowman, T. G.,Hart, J. M.,McGuire, B. A.,Palmieri, R. M.,Ingersoll, C. D.(2006).A functional fatiguing protocol and deceleration time of the shoulder from an internal rotation perturbation.J Athl Train,41(3),275-279.
6. Escamilla, R. F.,Barrentine, S. W.,Fleisig, G. S.,Zheng, N.,Takada, Y.,Kingsley, D.(2007).Pitching biomechanics as a pitcher approaches muscular fatigue during a simulated baseball game.American Journal of Sports Medicine,35(1),23-33.
7. Forestier, N.,Nougier, V.(1998).The effects of muscular fatigue on the coordination of a multijoint movement in human.Neurosci Lett,252(3),187-190.
8. Fuller, J. R.,Lomond, K. V.,Fung, J.,Cote, J. N.(2008).Posture-movement changes following repetitive motion-induced shoulder muscle fatigue.Journal of Electromyography Kinesiology
9. Gowan, I. D.,Jobe, F. W.,Tibone, J. E.,Perry, J.,Moynes, D. R.(1987).A comparative electromyographic analysis of the shoulder during pitching. Professional versus amateur pitchers.American Journal of Sports Medicine,15(6),586-590.
10. Grigg, P.(1994).Peripheral neural mechanism in proprioception.Journal of Sport Rehabilitation,3,2-17.
11. Hagberg, M.(1981).Muscular endurance and surface electromyogram in isometric and dynamic exercise.Journal of Applied Physiology,51(1),1-7.
12. Hortobagyi, T.,Tracy, J.,Hamilton, G.,Lambert, J.(1996).Fatigue effects on muscle excitability.International Journal of Sports Medicine,17(6),409-414.
13. Mendell, L. M.(2005).The size principle: A rule describing the recruitment of motoneurons.Journal of Neurophysiology,93(6),3024-3026.
14. Minning, S.,Eliot, C. A.,Uhl, T. L.,Malone, T. R.(2007).EMG analysis of shoulder muscle fatigue during resisted isometric shoulder elevation.J Electromyogr Kinesiol,17(2),153-159.
15. Mullaney, M. J.,McHugh, M. P.(2006).Concentric and eccentric muscle fatigue of the shoulder rotators.International Journal of Sports Medicine,27(9),725-729.
16. Mullaney, M. J.,McHugh, M. P.,Donofrio, T. M.,Nicholas, S. J.(2005).Upper and lower extremity muscle fatigue after a baseball pitching performance.American Journal of Sports Medicine,33(1),108-113.
17. Murray, T. A.,Cook, T. D.,Werner, S. L.,Schlegel, T. F.,Hawkins, R. J.(2001).The effects of extended play on professional baseball pitchers.American Journal of Sports Medicine,29(2),137-142.
18. Myers, J. B.,Guskiewicz, K. M.,Schneider, R. A.,Prentice, W. E.(1999).Proprioception and neuromuscular control of the shoulder after muscle fatigue.Journal of Athletic Training,34(4),362-367.
19. Ooi, Y.,Mikanagi, K.,Nishioka, K.,Watanabe, K.,Abe, T.(1974).Muscle power of the knee extensors and flexors.Orthop Surg,25,535-541.
20. Pedersen, J.,Lonn, J.,Hellstrom, F.,Djupsjobacka, M.,Johansson, H.(1999).Localized muscle fatigue decreases the acuity of the movement sense in the human shoulder.Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,31(7),1047-1052.
21. Psek, J. A.,Cafarelli, E.(1993).Behavior of coactive muscles during fatigue.Journal of Applied Physiology,74(1),170-175.
22. Skinner, H. B.,Wyatt, M. P.,Hodgdon, J. A.,Conard, D. W.,Barrack, R. L.(1986).Effect of fatigue on joint position sense of the knee.Journal of Orthopaedic Research,4(1),112-118.
23. Tesch, P. A.,Dudley, G. A.,Duvoisin, M. R.,Hather, B. M.,Harris, R. T.(1990).Force and emg signal patterns during repeated bouts of concentric or eccentric muscle actions.Acta Physiologica Scandinavica,138(3),263-271.
24. Tripp, B. L.,Yochem, E. M.,Uhl, T. L.(2007).Functional fatigue and upper extremity sensorimotor system acuity in baseball athletes.Journal of Athletic Training,42(1),90-98.
25. Vollestad, N. K.(1997).Measurement of human muscle fatigue.Journal of Neuroscience Methods,74(2),219-227.
26. 周琪偉、林吟亮、王子娟(2003)。肩痛症狀壘球選手肩部關節位置覺與無肩痛選手之比較：個案報告。物理治療，33(6)，390-396。
27. 林正常(2006)。運動訓練法。臺北縣:藝軒。

1. 蔡定剛、劉于詮、徐錦興、吳家慶、吳柏翰(2018)。全身性振動與電剌激恢復模式對棒球投手延遲性肌肉痠痛的影響。大專體育學刊，20(2)，151-165。
2. 蔡鏞申,劉子豪,許志傑,張哲嘉(2021)。核心肌力對高中游泳選手200公尺混合式運動表現之影響。臺灣體育學術研究，70，77-89。
3. 陳婉菁、周沛璇(2013)。模擬比賽誘發疲勞對於優秀大專女壘投手投球運動表現之影響。運動研究，22(1)，27-34。
4. 陳婉菁、周沛璿(2012)。長時間投球對女壘投手投球加速期下肢運動學之影響。華人運動生物力學期刊，7，19-23。
5. 洪孟緯,王苓華(2019)。棒球投手投球動作的上肢生物力學探討。中華體育季刊，33(2)，113-121。