社會情緒選擇理論的探討與應用

The Discussion and Application of Socioemotional Selectivity Theory

10.6223/qcpe.2603.201209.1505

沈緯鈞(Wei-Jiun Shen)；廖主民(Chu-Min Liao)

動機 ； 未來時間透視 ； 身體活動 ； motivation ； future time perspective ； physical activety

中華體育季刊

26卷3期（2012 / 09 / 01）

313 - 320

繁體中文

社會情緒選擇理論（socioemotional selectivity theory）強調了未來時間透視 （future time perspective）對於參與社會活動的影響，為身體活動參與的研究提供新的詮釋。本文探討社會情緒選擇理論的基本內涵、研究典範與研究發現，並指出該理論應用在身體活動與休閒活動研究之可行性，以期能為身體活動的相關議題提供不同的研究觀點。

The core tenet of socioemotional selectivity theory (SST), which argues the individual future time perspective has an impact on social activity participation, provides a new interpretation for the physical activity research. The present article put insight into the different perspective for physical activity relevant research by discussing the nature, research paradigm and empirical findings of SST as well as the feasibility of its application.

1. Baumeister, R. F.(Ed.)(1986).Public self and private self.New York:Spring-Verlag.
2. Blanchard-Fields, F.(Ed.),Hess, T.(Ed.)(1999).Social cognitive and aging.New York:Academic Press.
3. Burnett-Wolle, S.,Godbey, G.(2007).Refining research on older adults' leisure: Implications of selection, optimization, and compensation and socioemotional selectivity theories.Journal of Leisure Research,29(3),498-513.
4. Carstensen, L. L.(2008).The influence of shifting time horizons on human aging.2008 Annual Conference of Association of Applied Sport Psychology,San Diego, CA, USA:
5. Carstensen, L. L.(1995).Evidence for a life-span theory of socioemotional selectivity.Current Directions in Psychological Science,4(5),151-156.
6. Carstensen, L. L.(1992).Social and emotional patterns in adulthood: Support for socioemotional selectivity theory.Psychology & Aging,7(3),331-338.
7. Carstensen, L. L.,Isaacowitz, D. M.,Charles, S. T.(1999).Taking time seriously: A theory of socioemotional selectivity.American Psychologist,54(3),165-181.
8. Carstensen, L. L.,Turk-Charles, S.(1994).The salience of emotion across the adult life course.Psychology & Aging,9(2),259-264.
9. Cate, R. A.,John, O. P.(2007).Testing models of the structure and development of future time perspective: Maintaining a focus on opportunities in middle age.Psychology & Aging,22(1),186-201.
10. Cozzonlino, P. J.,Snyder, M.(2008).Good times, bad times: How personal disadvantage moderates the relationship between social dominance and efforts to win.Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin,34(10),1420-1433.
11. Cury, F.,Elliot, A. J.,Fonseca, D. D.,Moller, A. C.(2006).The social-cognitive model of achievement motivation and the 2×2 achievement goal framework.Journal of Personality & Social Psychology,90(4),666-679.
12. Deci, E. L.,Ryan, R. M.(1985).Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior.New York:Plenum.
13. Duda, J. L.(1989).The relationship between task and ego orientation and perceived purpose of sport among male and female high school athletes.Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology,11(3),318-335.
14. Eccles, J.,Harold, R.(1991).Gender differences in sport involvement: Applying the Eccles' expectancy-value model.Journal of Applied Sport Psychology,3(1),7-35.
15. Fredrickson, B. L.,Carstensen, L. L.(1990).Choosing social partners: How old age and anticipated endings make people more selective.Psychology & Aging,5(3),335-347.
16. Fung, H. H.,Carstensen, L. L.(2004).Motivational changes in response to blocked goals and foreshortened time: Testing alternatives to socioemotional selectivity theory.Psychology & Aging,19(1),68-78.
17. Fung, H. H.,Carstensen, L. L.,Lutz, A. M.(1999).Influence of time on social preferences: Implications for life-span development.Psychology & Aging,14(4),595-604.
18. Greenberg, J.,Pyszczynski, T.,Solomon, S.,Rosenblatt, A.,Veeder, M.,Kirkland, S.,Lyon, D.(1990).Evidence for terror management theory II: The effects of mortality salience on reactions to those who threaten or bolster the cultural worldview.Journal of Personality & Social Psychology,58(2),308-318.
19. Greenberg, J.,Simon, L.,Pyszczynski, T.,Solomon, S.,Chatel, D.(1992).Terror management and tolerance: Does mortality salience always intensify negative reactions to others who threaten one's worldview?.Journal of Personality & Social Psychology,63(2),212-220.
20. Lang, F. R.,Carstensen, L. L.(2002).Time counts: Future time perspective, goals, and social relationships.Psychology & Aging,17(1),125-139.
21. Löckenhoff, C. E.,Carstensen, L. L.(2007).Aging, emotion, and health-related decision strategies: Motivational manipulations can reduce age differences.Psychology & Aging,22(1),134-146.
22. Mather, M.,Carstensen, L. L.(2005).Aging and motivated cognition: The positivity effect in attention and memory.Trends in Cognitive Sciences,9(10),496-502.
23. McInerney, D. M.(2004).A discussion of future time perspective.Educational Psychology Review,16(2),141-151.
24. Ryan, R. M.,Deci, E. L.(2000).Self determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well being.American Psychologist,55(1),68-78.
25. Stahl, S. T.,Patrick J. H.(2011).Adult's future time perspective predicts engagement in physical activity.The Journal of Cerontology, Series B: Psychological Sciences & Social Sciences,10,1-4.
26. Zacher, H.,de Lange, A. H.(2011).Relationship between chronic regulatory focus and future time perspective: Results of a cross-lagged structural equation model.Personality & Individual Differences,50(8),1255-1260.
27. Ziegelmann, J. P.,Lippke, S.,Schwarzer, R.(2006).Subjective residual life expectancy in health self-regulation.Journal of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences,61(4),195-201.