精神科醫療工作來自病人的職場暴力

10.7005/JOSH.201003.0152

陳文慶；胡海國；林宜平；郭育良；蘇德勝；王榮德

職場暴力 ； 精神科 ； 危險因子 ； 預防方法

勞工安全衛生研究季刊

18卷1期（2010 / 03 / 01）

152 - 162

繁體中文

職場暴力已被認為是職業危害之一，近幾年逐漸受到大眾注意，現已經是超越國界、超越各種職業，變成一種全球性的問題。在所有職場之中以醫療機構尤其是精神科病房最為嚴重，其暴力來源絕大部份是來自病人。本文首先介紹職場暴力的類型和定義，其次描述醫療職場暴力的流行病學調查，接著由機關組織、環境和個人層面探討精神科醫療來自病人的職場暴力的危險因子和預防之道，最後並做一總結。本文旨在藉由精神科醫療工作來自病人職場暴力的介紹，喚起國人對職場暴力的重視，並希望可做為預防醫療職場暴力的參考；綜合言之，精神科醫療工作來自病人的職場暴力是可以預防的，除了應對病人的精神症狀積極控制之外，機關組織應訂立對暴力零容忍的政策宣言、建立通報系統並發展團隊合作的安全文化，而精神科的從業人員更應培養處理及預防暴力之專業能力。

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