舊船解體勞工職業傷害與死亡類型之研究探討

Analysis of Occupational Injuries and Deaths among Shipbreaking Worker

10.7005/JOSH.201206.0151

蔡宗霖(Tsung-Lin Tsai)；吳威德(Wei-Te Wu)；楊雅惠(Ya-Hui Yang)；楊金峰(Chin-Feng Yang)；徐儆暉(Jin-Huei Hsu)；吳聰能(Trong-Neng Wu)

舊船解體 ； 職業災害 ； 職災給付 ； 危害性工作 ； Shipbreaking ； Occupational injuries ； Occupational benefits ； Hazardous work

勞工安全衛生研究季刊

20卷2期（2012 / 06 / 01）

151 - 169

繁體中文

Taiwan had been a shipbreaking kingdom. From the late 1960s to the late 1980s,Kaohsiung was one of the port cities which had the most shipbreaking industries in the world. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) mentioned that three factors affect shipbreaking workers health including: (1) exposure to hazard, toxic or explosive substances such as asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), heavy metals and waste fuel released during ship demolition; (2) hazard working activities and (3) hazard working conditions. The aim of this study was to describe the distribution of occupational injuries and deaths in a shipbreaking cohort.A total of 4,962 shipbreaking workers registered under Kaohsiung Shipbreaking Workers Union were included in the study. The control group was randomly selected from general workers (n=24,810) in south Taiwan.The results found that shipbreaking workers had significantly higher numbers of filed claims with occupational injuries, disabilities and deaths among under-60-year-old group (p＜0.0001). The causes of occupational injury before 1989 were stab, slash or abrasion (66.67%), and contact with hazardous materials (33.33%). The main cause of occupational death before 1989 was explosion (33.33%).We found that shipbreaking workers had higher risk of occupational accident when working under other occupations, despite having left the environment of exposure. This may be due to past working habit. The study provides reference for future industrial safety and health care policy on shipbreaking workers in Taiwan and other countries with shipbreaking industries.

Taiwan had been a shipbreaking kingdom. From the late 1960s to the late 1980s,Kaohsiung was one of the port cities which had the most shipbreaking industries in the world. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) mentioned that three factors affect shipbreaking workers health including: (1) exposure to hazard, toxic or explosive substances such as asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), heavy metals and waste fuel released during ship demolition; (2) hazard working activities and (3) hazard working conditions. The aim of this study was to describe the distribution of occupational injuries and deaths in a shipbreaking cohort.A total of 4,962 shipbreaking workers registered under Kaohsiung Shipbreaking Workers Union were included in the study. The control group was randomly selected from general workers (n=24,810) in south Taiwan.The results found that shipbreaking workers had significantly higher numbers of filed claims with occupational injuries, disabilities and deaths among under-60-year-old group (p＜0.0001). The causes of occupational injury before 1989 were stab, slash or abrasion (66.67%), and contact with hazardous materials (33.33%). The main cause of occupational death before 1989 was explosion (33.33%).We found that shipbreaking workers had higher risk of occupational accident when working under other occupations, despite having left the environment of exposure. This may be due to past working habit. The study provides reference for future industrial safety and health care policy on shipbreaking workers in Taiwan and other countries with shipbreaking industries.

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