原住民勞工職業災害現況探討

Analysis of Occupational Accident among Indigenous Workers in Taiwan

10.7005/JOSH.201209.0408

徐儆暉(Jin-Huei Hsu)；陳秋蓉(Chiou-Jong Chen)；楊啟賢(Chi-Hsieh Young)；謝曼麗(Man-Li Hsieh)

原住民 ； 職業災害 ； Indigenous ； Occupational accident

勞工安全衛生研究季刊

20卷3期（2012 / 09 / 01）

408 - 430

繁體中文

原住民勞工多從事高危險性行業，近年來在勞委會與各部會合作推動減災計畫，職災千人率雖已降低，仍較全勞工為高，為能掌握最新原住民職業災害現況與趨勢，特透過本所建置之原住民職業傷病監視系統及健康資料庫進行94-98年職業災害統計分析，提供研擬有效降低職業災害介入策略之具體建議。研究結果發現近年政府促進就業政策，大量進用短期就業人員，促使原住民勞工98年從事公共行政業及教育服務業投保人數分別較94年增加2.8、2.3倍，職災人數也增加5.3、1.7倍；原住民98年較94年失業率攀升之際（98年7.31％、94年4.36％），由於重大工程引進外勞的人數98年較94年減少70％，98年原住民勞工從事營造業人數較94年增加1.26倍，明顯高於全國勞工的1.08倍，98年原住民勞工職業災害人數較94年也增加1.2倍。建議行政院原民會及縣市原民處將職災預防課程納入短期就業人員常規之職前或在職教育訓練，及職業訓練專班課程；本會職訓局及行政院原民會之各就業服務中心進行原住民就業媒合之際，協助加強宣導職災預防；本所賡續推動聚落（含都會區及教會）職災預防巡迴宣導；行政院原民會將職業工會辦理原住民勞安講座之交通津貼補助納入常態補助；本會勞動檢查單位協助加強原住民勞工教育訓練情形，提高雇主對弱勢族群的照顧責任。

Most indigenous workers labor in dangerous jobs, where the accident rate is always higher than the national workers. The purpose of this research is to explore the status of occupational accidents between indigenous people; meanwhile, it lays great stress on occupational accident counties and cities to raise suggestions how to establish proper modes of educational promotion via unions, villages and churches.A large number of short-term employment projects have been encouraged recently by government for policy-making in promoting job opportunities. The insured indigenous workers of public administration in 2009 were 2.8 times population higher than 2005, and 2.3 times of education services than 2005. The injured by occupational accident of public administration in 2009 were 5.3 times population higher than 2005, and 1.7 times of education services than 2005. Foreign workers had been introduced to major construction projects in 2009 70% less than 2005. Indigenous workers of construction industry in 2009 were 1.26 times population higher than 2005, which made 1.08 times higher than national workers.It has been suggested to Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuan and county and municipal offices of Indigenous Peoples that short-term employees and vocational training programs should adopt occupational accident prevention as one of courses for regular education and training. The Employment Service Center, Bureau of Employment and Vocational Training, Council of Labor Affairs Executive Yuan organizes job-matching activities for indigenous people to advocate the promotion of occupational accident prevention training. Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Council of Labor Affairs Executive Yuan massively promotes occupational accident prevention training by village. For aboriginal workers in Eastern Taiwan, the Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuan has regularly provided those who attended union's training courses with travel subsidies. Inspection Office of the Council Labor Affairs Executive Yuan will audit the status of training courses for indigenous workers to raise employers' consciousness of their duties to minority groups.

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