達悟落成慶禮中anood的音樂現象及其社會脈絡

The Musical Phenomenum and Social Context of Tao's Anood (Ballad) in an Inaugural Ceremony

10.30157/JCRTF.200706.0002

呂鈺秀(Yu-Hsiu Lu)

音樂社會學 ； 達悟族音樂 ； 口傳傳統 ； anood ； 落成慶禮 ； sociomusicology ； music of Tao ； oral tradition ； anood ； inaugural ceremony

民俗曲藝

156期（2007 / 06 / 01）

11 - 29

繁體中文

今天的達悟社會，新船與新屋的落成慶禮仍常見，而落成慶禮中許多的歌唱時機，幾乎都應用着anood。此種在達悟族出現最為普遍的音樂形式，在現象上有著短小窄音域旋律及自由朗誦節奏，並由兩句歌詞構成。同一位歌者，為了表達歌唱意念，會有多句歌詞，而其利用着anood的簡單旋律，在每次旋律重複時，應用前一段旋律的後句歌詞為新旋律的前句歌詞，並在新旋律的後句加入新詞。速度上，落成慶禮歌會多應用着較快速度演唱。歌唱時，則每唱完一次anood旋律，眾人會大聲複唱這位歌者的歌詞。 這些旋律節奏、歌詞及歌唱上的現象，反映着達悟的社會與生活。短小簡單旋律以及自由朗誦節奏，是為了讓歌者透過歌詞表達意念，而非為藝術表達的音樂目的。再者anood速度表現，以及其大聲複唱的歌唱行為，則展現了達悟社會中人與人之間相互的尊重。 此外口頭傳承的達悟社會，歌詞不以文字記載，而在反覆念誦之間學習。在害怕忘詞的壓力下，達悟人會以較快速度演唱anood。而頂針唱法，則具口傳形式下，一種安定歌者情緒，並給予快速思考下句歌詞的功能。此外複唱更提供了口耳反覆練習的機會。

The inaugural ceremony of new boots and new houses in Tao society is often held today. In the ceremonies, anood is used. This music, which has short melody and recitative rhythm, consists of three musical phrases-two sentences of lyrics and one sentence of a nonsense vowel. A singer, who wishes to express his concept, will sing more than two sentences and utilizes anood. While repeating of the short anood melody, the second sentence of the last anood will be used as the first sentence of the new anood, and the second sentence of the new anood will be added. In addition, the tempo of the anood in the inaugural ceremony is usually quick. The guests in the ceremony will repeat loudly the melody and the lyrics of the solo singer. This music phenomenum in melody, rhythm, lyrics and singing reflects the social context of the Tao people. The short and simple melody and the recitative rhythm show the functional purpose of the music. The quick tempo of singing and the loud repeating of the guests show the mutual respect among people in the society. In addition, lyrics are not written down in the oral tradition. People learn through repeated singing. Because a singer is afraid of forgetting lyrics, he sings the quick anood. The thimble method* can not only calm down the emotion of a singer, but also let a singer think about the next sentence of lyrics. Repeated singing provides also an opportunity for ears and mouths to practice songs.

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