英文摘要
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There have been quite a few studies of phoenix halls in Taiwan. Yet rarely did they concentrate on the female disciples of the phoenix or their participation in the phoenix hall's matters. Phoenix halls constitute a majority of the sectarian religion in Puli. In these phoenix halls, the number of female disciples largely exceeds that of the males. Obviously, we need an in-depth investigation on the female disciples of phoenix to render a more comprehensive picture of the phoenix hall system. In this study, I investigate senior female disciples of phoenix in the Yuhua tang in Puli, Nantou to depict their religious life, hoping to contribute to our understanding of the phoenix halls and women's religious lives. I start with a general introduction of the Yuhua tang, describe the age and gender distribution of the disciples of the phoenix, their motivation to become such disciples, and their time of initiation. Secondly, I give an account of the induction of these senior phoenix hall disciples, their hardship of apprenticeship and moral cultivation, their joy of religious life. Through participatory observation of the Yuhua tang's regular activities, such as birthdays of general deities (for example, God of City and Moat), birthday of the main deity (Emperor Guan), and the 7th day of every lunar month (ritual day of the spirit-writing), I portray the circumstances of the disciples' participation, both male and female, and the gender differences in their religious practices. Finally, I comment on the "invisibility" of the female disciples of phoenix. One of their principle religious practices is reciting scripture. It is also the familiar stereo type the society as a whole regards senior woman. Perhaps just because of that, people ignore or disregard the importance of such practice. While the male disciples of phoenix almost never recite scripture, the diligent scripture-reciting of their counterparts is an important factor that complements their efforts in upholding the cult of the Enzhu (Benevolent Lord). To sum up, these senior women are able to reverse their disadvantaged societal status with their religious practices.
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参考文献
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Katz, Paul R.(2011).Spirit-writing Halls and the Development of Local Communities: A Case Study of Puli (Nantou County).Min-su ch´ü-i,174,103-84.
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