Xucun, a Brief History

許村簡史

John Lagerwey(勞格文)

Xucun ； lineage ； local gods ； shuikou ； 許村 ； 宗族 ； 地方神祇 ； 水口

民俗曲藝

222期（2023 / 12 / 01）

19 - 61

英文;繁體中文

Xucun is a village in northern She County, Anhui (ancient Huizhou), that has been dominated by the Xu lineage since the Northern Song. This paper presents a succinct account of its history and customs focused on its chief temples, ancestor halls, and festivals. The earliest local god was the earth god; the earliest temple Buddhist. In 1292, a temple to Wang Hua was built, and in 1343 a temple to Xu Yuan and Zhang Xun. Ancestor halls were built throughout the Ming and Qing, and territorial festivals became increasingly lineage dominated. Throughout these changes, there is one constant: fengshui, particularly as expressed in the gradual construction of three successive shuikou.

北宋以來，許氏便係安徽歙縣（古徽州）北部許村的大族。透過聚焦於村中重要廟宇、祠堂與節慶，本文旨在簡扼勾勒許村的歷史與風俗。在許村，社神是最早存在的神祇，而佛教寺廟則為現在所知最早建造的廟宇。祭祀汪華的廟宇建於1292年，而祭祀許遠與張巡的廟宇則建於1343年。明清時期陸續修建許氏先祖祠堂，祭祀地方神祇的地域性祭祀活動亦逐漸改由宗族主導。但許村對風水的看法未曾改變，此一現象尤其體現於其漸次修築三個連續水口一事。

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