社會資本對創新績效之影響－知識資本的中介效果

The Impact of Social Capital on Innovation-The Mediator Effect of Knowledge Capital

10.29698/FJMR.201001.0005

任慶宗(Ching T. Jen)；胡訓立(Hsun L. Hu)；劉士銘(Shih M. Liu)

社會資本 ； 創新績效 ； 知識資本 ； social capital ； innovation ； knowledge capital

輔仁管理評論

17卷1期（2010 / 01 / 01）

103 - 119

繁體中文

本研究引用社會網絡理論，探討社會資本對知識資本的獲得及創新績效的影響。本文推論主張，社會資本係透過知識資本的中介效果，影響個人的創新績效。實證資料係透過網絡調查問卷，以國內某一研發機構683位員工爲樣本，驗證上述研究推論。資料分析結果顯示，社會資本對於知識資本與創新績效均具有顯著的正向影響，且知識資本係社會資本與創新績效的中介變項。針對上述結果，本研究提出建議供後續研究者參考。

This study, based on social network theory, examined the impact of social capital on knowledge capital and, in turn, innovation. In addition, we argued that social capital influence the innovation by way of the mediator effect of knowledge capital. The empirical data was collected from 683 employees of a R&D institute by network survey approach. The results show that social capitals have positive impact on knowledge capital, and the innovation. Meanwhile, the knowledge capital serves as the mediator between the social capital and innovation. We conclude the study with some suggestions for both practice and further researchers.

1. 王中天(2003)。「社會資本 (Social Capital)：概念、源起、及現況」。問題與研究，42(5)，139-164。
   連結：
2. Baron, R. M.,Kenny, D. A.(1986)."The moderator- mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical consideration".Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,51(6),1182.
3. Berman, S. L.,Down, J,Hill, C. W.(2002)."Tacit Knowledge As A Source of Competitive Advantage in the NBA".Academy of Management Journal,45(1),31.
4. Bouty, I.(2000)."Interpersonal and Interaction Influences on Informal Resource Exchanges between R and D Researchers Across Organizational Boundaries".Academy of Management Journal,43(1),65.
5. Brass, D. J.,Burkhardt, M. E.,Noria, N.(Eds.),Eccles, R. G. (Eds.)(1992)."Networks and Organizations: Structure, Form and Action".Boston. Massachusetts:Harvard Business School.
6. Brian, P. H.(2001)."Value Development and Learning Organizations".Journal of Knowledge Management,5,32.
7. Burt R. S.(1984)."Network items and the General Social Survey".Social Networks,6,339.
8. Burt, R. S.(1992)."Structural Holes: The Social Structure of Competition".Cambridge, MA:Harvard University.
9. Coleman, J. S.(1990)."Foundations of Social Theory".Cambridge, MA:The Belknap Press of Harvard University.
10. Coleman, J. S.(1988)."Social Capital in the Creation Humana Capital".American Journal of Sociology,",94,120.
11. Davenport, T.,Prusak, L.(1998)."Working Knowledge".Boston, MA:Harvard Business School.
12. DeLong, D. W.,Fahey, L.(2000)."Diagnosing Cultural Barriers to Knowledge Management".The Academy of Management Executive,14(4),127.
13. Denison, D. R.,Hart, S. I.,Kahn, J. A.(1996)."From Chimneys to Cross-functional Teams: Developing and Validating and a Diagnostic Model".Academy of Management Journal,39(4),1023.
14. Dixon, N. M.(2000)."Common Knowledge: How Companies Thrive by Sharing What They Know".Boston:Harvard Business School.
15. Freeman, L. C.(1979)."Centrality in Social Networks; Conceptual Clarification".Social Networks,1,215-239.
16. Granovetter, M. S., N. Nohria(Eds),R. Eccles(Eds)(1992).Networks and Organization: Structure, Form, and Action".Boston:Harvard Business School.
17. Grant, R. M.(1996)."Prospering in Dynamically-competitive Environments: Organizational Capability as Knowledge Integration".Organization Science,7(4),375-387.
18. Hair, J. F.,Anderson, R. E.,Black, W. C.(1988)."Multivariate Data Analysis".New Jersey:Prentice Hall.
19. Hansen, M. T.(2002)."Knowledge Networks: Explaining Effective Knowledge Sharing in Multiunit Companies".Organization Science,13(3),232-248.
20. Huseman, R.C.,Goodman, J.P.(1999)."Leading with Knowledge: the Nature of Competition in the 21st Century".London:Sage.
21. Ibarra, H.(1993)."Network Centrality, Power and Innovation Involvement: Determinants of Technical and Administrative Roles".Academy of Management Journal,36(3),471-501.
22. Janszen, F.(2000)."The Age of Innovation".Britain:Prentice Hall.
23. Kale, P.,Singh, H.,Perlmutter, H.(2000)."Learning and Protection of Proprietary Assets in Strategic Alliances: Building Relational Capital".Strategic Management Journal,21,217-237.
24. Krackhardt, D.,Hansen J. R.(1993)."Informal Networks: The Company behind the Chart".Harvard Business Review,104-111.
25. Lin, N.(2001)."Social Capital: A Theory of Social Structure and Action".UK:Cambridge University.
26. Loury, G., P. A. Wallace(Eds),A. M. LaMonde(Eds)(1977)."Women, Minorities, and Employment Discrimination".Lexington MA:Lexinhton Books.
27. Miller, D.,Shamsie, J.(1996)."The Resource-based View of the Firm in Two Environments: The Hollywood Firm Studios from 1936 to 1965".Academy of Management Journal,39(3),519-542.
28. Mitchell, J. C.,Networks, Norms,Institutions.,Boissevain, J. (Eds.),J. C. Mitchell (Eds.)(1973)."Network Analysis: Studies in Human Interaction".The Hague:Mouton.
29. Nahapiet, J.,Ghoshal, S.(1998)."Social Capital, Intellectual Capital and the Organizational Advantage".Academy of Management Review,23(2),242-266.
30. Nonaka, I.,H., Takeuchi(1995)."The Knowledge-Creating Company".NY:Oxford University.
31. Paxton, P.(1999)."Is Social Capital Declining in the United States? A Multiple Indicator Assessment".American Journal of Sociology,105(1),88-127.
32. Pfeffer, J.(1991)."Organization Theory and Structural Perspectives on Management".Journal of Management,17,789-803.
33. Putnam, R.(2001)."Social Capital Measurement and Consequences".Isuma-Canadian Journal of Policy Research,2(1),41-51.
34. Putnam, R. D.(1995)."Bowling Alone: America's Declining Social Capital".Journal of Democracy,6(1),66-78.
35. Tichy, N. M,Michael L. Tushman,Charles Fombrun.(1979)."Social Network Analysis for Organizations".Academy of management Review,4,507-519.
36. Tsai, W.(2001)."Knowledge Transfer in Intraorganizational Networks: Effects of Network Position and Absorptive Capacity on Business Unit Innovation and Performance".Academy of Management Journal,44,996-1004.
37. Tsai, W.,Ghoshal, S.(1998)."Social Capital and Value Creation: the Role of Intrafirm Networks".Academy of Management Journal,41,464-478.
38. Uzzi, B.(1996)."The Sources and Consequences of Embeddedness for the Economic Performance of Organization: The Network Effect".American Sociological Review,61,674-698.
39. van Emmerik, IJ. H.(2006)."Gender Differences in the Creation of Different Types of Social Capital: A Multilevel Study".Social Networks,28,24-37.
40. Wasserman, S.,Faust, K.(1994)."Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications".Cambridge, England:Cambridge University.
41. Zhou, J.,George, J. M.(2001)."When Job Dissatisfaction Leads to Creativity: Encouraging the Expression of Voice".Academy of Management Journal,44(4),682-696.
42. 許士軍(2000)。「瞿乃明譯企管大師報到序文」。台北:時報出版社。
43. 劉士銘(2005)。國防大學管理學院碩士論文。
44. 羅家德(2003)。「企業關係管理」。台北:聯經。

1. 廖庭緯(2018)。資源彈性對於創新績效影響之研究：以關係學習能力、知識分享能力為中介變項。科技與人力教育季刊，5(2)，28-43。
2. 嚴雯聖、黃韶顏、許順旺、林鈺琪(2017)。旅館對員工之激勵能增進創新績效嗎？知識分享的中介效果及人格特質的調節效果。商管科技季刊，18(3)，281-313。
3. 鄭珊珊,黃韶顏,倪維亞,林憲鴻,呂俊毅(2019)。醫院餐飲員工食品安全與工作績效之探討。休憩管理研究，6(1)，41-52。