自由與平等並重：以多元民主為名之若干澄清

Embracing Freedom and Equality: Some Clarifications from a Standpoint of Pluralistic Democracy

陸品妃(Pin-Fei Lu)

平等 ； 自由 ； 多元民主 ； Equality ； Freedom ； Pluralistic Democracy

東海哲學研究集刊

18期（2013 / 01 / 01）

37 - 70

繁體中文

多元民主體制並重自由與平等兩種政治價值，然而自由與平等之間或論存有「衝突」。當衝突只是偶然，而非必然，只是有時，而非隨時，在平等與自由不衝突的情況下，支持民主者應該怎樣理解自由與平等的關係？不同於主流見解，本文企圖闡明與論說，在民主理論架構下，平等理念作為內在性價值，並不與自由衝突；甚至，以內在價值的方式保障平等理念，真正自由才得以成立。論文先澄清平等概念之使用方法，解釋應該如何運用平等概念與看待平等價值，後半則說明平等與自由如何正確地相互影響作用於彼此的方向，結論是，多元民主制度裡，平等的要求是平等自由，而自由的選擇受平等限制。

Freedom may be in conflict with the demand of equality. However, the incompatibility between freedom and equality is accidental, rather than necessary. How should we understand equality and freedom, the two fundamental values which are both embraced and realized in a pluralistic democracy? I first offer an account that suggests how to compatibly take equality as an intrinsic value and sustain freedom for all. I then specify the interplay between equality and freedom. The thesis I argue for here is that in a pluralistic democracy the demand of equality is for equal freedom and free choice must be constrained by equality.

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1. 陸品妃(2019)。民主人的群體歸屬與認同。東吳哲學學報，40，67-98。
2. 陸品妃(2019)。平等正義的涵蓋面。政治與社會哲學評論，71，51-101。