题名

來臺背包客旅遊體驗之研究

并列篇名

The Study of Backpackers' Experience Model in Taiwan

DOI

10.6267/JTLS.2010.16(2)4

作者

劉元安(Yuan-An Anna Liu)；盧之翔(Chih-Hsiang Lu)；許軒(Hsuan Hsu)

关键词

背包客 ； 體驗追求 ； 體驗品質 ； 可回憶性 ； 行為意圖 ； experience seeking ； experience quality ； memorability ； behavioral intentions

期刊名称

觀光休閒學報

卷期/出版年月

16卷2期（2010 / 08 / 01）

页次

165 - 188

内容语文

繁體中文
中文摘要

背包客的文獻最早出現在1960年代末期，直到近期，眾多學者都已將從事非形式化旅遊類型的遊客稱作為背包客。Richards and Wilson (2004)研究結果中可得知背包客旅遊動機大多以體驗追求為主，因而背包客都自稱為「體驗的追求者」。本研究參考Cole and Scott(2004)所提出的旅遊體驗模式為架構，以體驗追求、體驗品質、替代滿意度的可回憶性績效品質與可回憶性，發展出一個屬於背包客的旅遊體驗模式。總共252份有效問卷回收進行描述性統計、驗證性因素分析及結構方程模型分析，結果證實來臺背包客旅遊體驗模式是屬於一個連續性的累積過程，背包客在臺灣追求教育、美學、娛樂和逃離的體驗，而體驗品質展現於行動、關聯和感官體驗中。而體驗品質會在背包客心中留下程度不一的可回憶性，且可回憶性會顯著地影響未來的行為意圖。
英文摘要

Academic literature about backpacker was observed since late 1960s. Not until recently researchers called the type of non-institutionalized travel as backpacker. Backpacker's motivation has been found to be experience seeking, and backpackers perceived themselves as experience seeker. Experience is part of individual's inward, and will be transformed into memory which engages in the future decision. The travel experience of backpackers has been paid attention increasingly. Referring to Cole and Scott's (2004) study, the present study proposed a modified experiential model to measure the backpacker's experiences in Taiwan. A total of 252 valid questionnaires were returned from interviewed backpackers, and were analyzed using frequency tables, reliability, CFA, and SEM. The results developed that backpackers' travel experiences was an accumulated and sequential process. Backpackers sought educational, esthetic, entertaining, and escape experiences in the journey and the experiences quality was generated in the act, relate, and sense aspects. Experience quality then was transformed into memorability which influenced on behavior intentions significantly.
主题分类 人文學 > 地理及區域研究
社會科學 > 體育學
参考文献
  1. 交通部觀光局，(2009)，97 年12 月暨全年觀光市場概況概要【線上資料】，來源：http://admin.taiwan.net.tw/statistics/release_show.asp?selno=1931 [2010, January 12]
  2. 交通部觀光局，(2008)，96 年12 月暨全年觀光市場概況概要【線上資料】，來源：http://admin.taiwan.net.tw/statistics/release_show.asp?selno=1483 [2010, January 12]
  3. 交通部觀光局，(2010)，98 年12 月暨全年觀光市場概況概要【線上資料】，來源：http://admin.taiwan.net.tw/statistics/release_show.asp?selno=2325 [2010, January 12]
  4. Adler, J.(1985).Youth on road: Reflections on the history of tramping.Annals of Tourism Research,12(3),335-354.
  5. Anderson, J. C.,Gerbing, D. W.(1988).Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach.Psychological Bulletin,103(3),411-423.
  6. Ateljevic, I.,Doorne, S.(2002).Representing New Zealand: Tourism imagery and ideology.Annals of Tourism Research,29(3),648-667.
  7. Bagozzi, R. P.,Yi, Y.(1988).On the evaluation of structural equation models.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,16(1),74-94.
  8. Baker, D. A.,Crompton, J. L.(2000).Quality, satisfaction and behavioral intentions.Annals of Tourism Research,27(3),785-804.
  9. Blackwell, R. D.,Miniard, P. W.,Engel, J. F.(2005).Consumer behavior.Mason, OH:South-Western College Pub..
  10. Boorstin, D.(1964).The image: A guide to pseudo-event in America.NY:Harper.
  11. Byrne, B. M.(1994).Structural equation modeling with EQS and EQS/Windows: Basic concepts, applications, and programming.CA:SAGE publications, Inc..
  12. Chhetri, P.,Arrowsmith, C.,Jackson, M.(2004).Determining hiking experiences in nature-based tourist destinations.Tourism Management,25(1),31-43.
  13. Churchill, G. A.(1979).A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs.Journal of Marketing Research,16(1),64-73.
  14. Cohen, E.(1973).Nomads from affluence: Note on the phenomenon of drifter-tourism.The International Journal of Comparative Sociology,14(1-2),89-103.
  15. Cohen, E.(1979).A phenomenology of tourist types.Sociology,13(2),179-201.
  16. Cohen, E.(1972).Toward a sociology of international tourism.Social Research,39(1),164-182.
  17. Cole, S. T.,Scott, D.(2004).Examining the mediating role of experience quality in a model of tourist experiences.Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing,16(1),79-90.
  18. Crompton, J. L.,Love, L. L.(1995).The predictive validity of alternative approaches to evaluating quality of a festival.Journal of Travel Research,34(1),11-24.
  19. Doorne, S.(1993).Expenditure patterns of backpackers.the New Zealand Geographical Society Conference,Wellington, NZ.:
  20. Doorne, S.(1994).Symbiosis, integration and the backpacker tourist industry.NZ:Victoria University of Wellington.
  21. Eliade, M.(1969).The quest: History and meaning in religion.Chicago:University of Chicago Press.
  22. Elsrud, T.(2001).Risk creation in traveling: Backpacker adventure narration.Annals of Tourism Research,28(3),597-617.
  23. Fornell, C.,Lacker, D. F.(1981).Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error.Journal of Marketing Research,18(1),39-50.
  24. Gentile, C.,Spiller, N.,Noci, G.(2007).How to sustain the customer experience: An overview of experience components that co-create value with the customer.European Management Journal,25(5),395-410.
  25. Gilmore, J. H.,Pine II, B. J.(2002).Differentiating hospitality operations via experiences: Why selling services is not enough.Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly,43(3),87-96.
  26. Gross, E.(1961).A functional approach to leisure analysis.Social Problems,9(1),2-8.
  27. Hair, J. F., Jr.,Anderson, R. E.,Tatham, R. L.,Black, W. C.(1998).Multivariate data analysis.New York:Prentice Hall.
  28. Hampton, M. P.(1998).Backpacker tourism and economic development.Annals of Tourism Research,25(3),639-660.
  29. Hancfors, M.,Mossberg, L.(2003).Searching for the extraordinary meal experience.Journal of Business and Management,9(3),249-270.
  30. Hecht, J. A.,Martin, D.(2006).Backpacking and hostel-picking: An analysis from Canada.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,18(1),69-77.
  31. Hibbert, C.(1969).The grand tour.London:Weidenfeld and Nicholson.
  32. Huxley, L.(2004).Western backpackers and the global experience: An exploration of young people's interaction with local cultures.Tourism, Culture, & Communication,5(1),37-44.
  33. Iso-Ahola, S. E.(ed.)(1980).Social psychological perspectives on leisure and recreation.Springfield, IL:Charles C. Thomas.
  34. Jöreskog, K. G.,Sörbom, D.(1993).LISREL8: Structural equation modeling with the SIMPLIS command language.NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  35. Lam, T.,Hsu, H. C.(2006).Predicting behavioral intention of choosing a travel destination.Tourism Management,27(4),589-599.
  36. Laws, E.(1991).Tourism marketing: Service and quality management perspectives.Cheltenham, United Kingdom:Stanley Thornes.
  37. Liu, Y. A.,Lu, C. H.(2007).An exploratory study of backpackers' experiences in Taiwan.the 5th APAC-CHRIE (Asia Pacific International Council on Hotel, Restaurant and Institutional Education) and the 13th APTA (Asia Pacific Tourism Association) Joint Conference,Beijing, China:
  38. Loker, L.(1993).The Backpacker phenomenon II: More answers to further questions.Townsville:James Cook University of North Queensland.
  39. Loker-Murphy, L.(1996).Backpackers in Australia: A motivation-based segmentation study.Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing,5(4),23-45.
  40. Loker-Murphy, L.,Pearce, P. L.(1995).Young budget travelers: Backpackers in Australia.Annals of Tourism Research,22(4),819-834.
  41. MacCannell, D.(1973).Staged authenticity: Arrangements of social space in tourist settings.American Journal of Sociology,79(3),589-603.
  42. Mannell, R. C.,Iso-Ahola, S. E.(1987).Psychological nature of leisure and tourism experience.Annals of Tourism Research,14(3),314-331.
  43. Marsh, H. W.,Hocevar, D.(1985).Application of confirmatory factor analysis to the study of self-concept: First-and higher order factor models and their invariance across groups.Psychological Bulletin,97(3),562-582.
  44. McCabe, S.(2002).The tourist experience and everyday life.The tourist as a metaphor of the social world,Wallington:
  45. McCrae, R. R.(1987).Creativity, divergent thinking, and openness to experience.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,52(6),1258-1265.
  46. McCulloch, J.(1992).The youth hostels association: Precursors and contemporary achievements.Journal of Tourism Studies,3(1),22-27.
  47. McGorry, S. Y.(2000).Measurement in a cross-cultural environment: Survey translation issues.Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal,3(2),74-81.
  48. Mohsin, A.,Ryan, C.(2003).Backpackers in the northern territory of Australia-motives, behaviours and satisfactions.International Journal of Tourism Research,5(2),113-131.
  49. Murphy, L.(2001).Exploring social interactions of backpackers.Annals of Tourism Research,28(1),50-67.
  50. Muzaini, H.(2006).Backpacking Southeast Asia: Strategies of "looking local".Annals of Tourism Research,33(1),144-161.
  51. Myers, D. G.(2003).Psychology.New York:Worth Publishers.
  52. Noy, C.(2003).Narratives of hegemonic masculinity: Representations of body and space in Israeli backpackers' trekking narratives.Israeli Sociology,5(1),75-120.
  53. Noy, C.(2004).This trip really changed me: Backpackers' narratives of self-change.Annals of Tourism Research,31(1),78-102.
  54. Nunnally, J. C.(1978).Psychometric theory.NY:McGraw-Hill.
  55. Oh, H.,Fiore, A. M.,Jeoung, M.(2007).Measuring experience economy concepts: Tourism applications.Journal of Travel Research,46(2),119-132.
  56. Pearce, P.(1990).Farm tourism in New Zealand: A social situation analysis.Annals of Tourism Research,17(3),337-352.
  57. Pearce, P.(1990).The backpacker phenomenon: Preliminary answers to basic questions.Townsville:James Cook University of North Queensland.
  58. Pearce, P. L.(2006).Backpacking and backpackers-A fresh look.Tourism Recreation Research,31(3),5-10.
  59. Pearce, P. L.,Foster, F.(2007).A "University of Travel": Backpacker learning.Tourism Management,28(5),1285-1298.
  60. Petrick, J. F.(2004).The roles of quality, value, and satisfaction in predicting cruise passengers' behavioral intentions.Journal of Travel Research,42(4),397-407.
  61. Pine II, B. J.,Gilmore, J. H.(1998).Welcome to the experience economy.Harvard Business Review,76(4),97-105.
  62. Prentice, R. C.,Witt, S. F.,Hamer, C.(1998).Tourism as experience: The case of heritage parks.Annals of Tourism Research,25(1),1-24.
  63. Quan, S.,Wang, N.(2004).Towards a structural model of the tourist experience: An illustration from food experiences in tourism.Tourism Management,25(3),297-305.
  64. Richards, G.(ed.),Wilson, J.(ed.)(2004).The global nomad: Backpacker travel in theory and practice.Clevedon, UK:Channel View Publications.
  65. Richards, G.,Wilson, J.(2003).A report for the International Student Travel Confederation (ISTC) and the Association of Tourism and Leisure Education (ATLAS)A report for the International Student Travel Confederation (ISTC) and the Association of Tourism and Leisure Education (ATLAS),Amsterdam:International Student Travel Confederation=ISTC.
  66. Riley, P.(1988).Road culture of international long-term budget travelers.Annals of Tourism Research,15(3),313-328.
  67. Ritchie, J. R. B.,Ritchie, R. J. B.(1998).The branding of tourism destinations: Past achievements and future challenges.Proceedings of the annual congress of the International Association of Scientific Experts in Tourism,St. Gall, Switzerland:
  68. Ross, G.(1997).Backpacker achievement and environmental controllability as visitor motivators.Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing,6(2),69-82.
  69. Ryan, C.,Mohsin, A.(2001).Backpackers attitudes to the "Outback".Annals of Tourism Research,10(1),69-92.
  70. Schmitt, B.(1999).Experiential marketing.Journal of Marketing Management,15(1-3),53-67.
  71. Shu, T. C.,Crompton, J. L.,Willson, V. L.(2002).An empirical investigation of the relationships between service quality, satisfaction and behavioral intentions among visitors to a wildlife refuge.Journal of Leisure Research,34(1),1-24.
  72. Sorensen, A.(2003).Backpacker ethnography.Annals of Tourism Research,30(4),847-867.
  73. Spreitzhofer, G.(1998).Backpacking tourism in South-East Asia.Annals of Tourism Research,25(4),979-983.
  74. Thoms, C.(2002).Backpackers in Australia, 1999.Canberra:Bureau of Tourism Research.
  75. Thyne, M.,Davies, S.,Nash, R.(2004).A lifestyle segmentation analysis of the backpacker market in Scotland: A case study of the Scottish Youth Hostel Association.Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism,5(2),95-119.
  76. Turner, L.,Ash, J.(1975).The golden hordes: International tourism and the pleasure periphery.London:Constable.
  77. Turner, V.(1973).The center out there: Pilgrim's goal.History of Religion,12(3),191-230.
  78. Uriely, N.,Yonay, Y.,Simchai, D.(2002).Backpacking experiences: A type and form analysis.Annals of Tourism Research,29(2),520-538.
  79. Urry, J.(1990).The tourist gaze: Leisure and travel in contemporary societies.London:Sage publications.
  80. Vogt, J. W.(1976).Wandering: Youth and travel behavior.Annals of Tourism Research,4(1),25-41.
  81. Winsted, K. F.(1997).The service experience in two cultures: A behavioral perspective.Journal of Retailing,73(3),337-360.
  82. Wirtz, D.,Kruger, J.,Scollon, C. N.,Diener, E.(2003).What to do on spring break? The role of predicted, on-line, and remembered experience in future choice.Psychological Science,14(5),520-524.
  83. Zuckerman, M.(1984).Sensation seeking: A comparative approach to a human trait.Behavioral and Brain Science,7(1),413-434.
  84. Zuckerman, M.,Kuhlman, D. M.,Joireman, J.,Teta, P.,Kraft, M.(1993).A comparison of the three structural models for personality: The big three, the big five and the alternative five.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,65(4),757-768.
  85. 邱皓政(2000)。量化研究與統計分析：SPSS中文視窗版資料分析範例解析。台北:五南圖書出版公司。
  86. 陳向明(2002)。社會科學質的研究。台北:五南圖書出版公司。
被引用次数
  1. 曾譯賢、陳榮文、徐瓊信、呂瓊葉(2012)。來澎自助旅遊者海洋島嶼觀光意象、體驗品質、可回憶性與重遊意願之研究。島嶼觀光研究，5(4)，64-87。
  2. 謝承憲、馮正民、林韋丞(2014)。觀光地區遊客運具之選擇偏好─以臺灣好行日月潭線為例。運輸學刊，26(1)，35-62。
  3. 徐瓊信、杜承晏(2014)。休閒漁業旅遊行為─澎湖海上平台個案研究。休閒產業管理學刊，7(1)，1-21。
  4. 顏國林,蔡昀儒,林秋芳(2023)。走入接觸地帶：以跨文化能力觀點探索背包客的文化接觸經驗。觀光休閒學報，29(1)，1-27。
  5. 莊曜鴻,林湰寓,吳建臺(2020)。背包客旅遊品質、知覺價值及旅遊意象之研究。運動與遊憩研究，15(1)，71-89。
  6. (2012)。香客大樓遊客體驗價值對滿意度與重遊意圖影響之研究－以高雄內門順賢宮香客大樓為例。運動健康與休閒學刊，20，71-84。
print cancel