题名

創業導向與寬裕資源對於中小企業經營績效之影響

并列篇名

Influences of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Slack Resource on the Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises

作者

林宏遠(Hung-Yuan Lin)；葉幼梅(Yu-MeiYeh)；郭于鼎(Yu-Ting Kuo)

关键词

創業導向 ； 寬裕資源 ； 策略性規劃 ； 經管績效 ； 中小企業 ； entrepreneurial orientation ； slack resources ； strategic planning ； management performance ； small and medium enterprises

期刊名称

企業管理學報

卷期/出版年月

102期（2014 / 09 / 01）

页次

51 - 77

内容语文

繁體中文
中文摘要

創業導向的特質一直是企業順應快速、競爭激烈的商業環境，創造經營績效的重要關鍵之一，而組織的經營策略亦須與結構配合才能創造出最好的營運績效。據此本研究採用「策略－結構－績效典範」的觀點作為研究架構的基礎，探討創業導向如何透過對組織寬裕資源及策略性規劃的影響，而帶動企業績效的成長。本研究採問卷調查法，針對台灣的1,353家中小企業發放問卷，共計回收182份，回收率13.46%。本研究結果發現：企業的創業導向策略與組織寬裕資源和策略性規劃活動其有正向關係，而組織寬裕資源不一定會與組織經營績效產生正向關係，以及策略性規劃活動與組織經學績效其有正向關係。本研究最後亦提出相關結論與建議，以供後續研究參考。
英文摘要

Entrepreneurial orientation is one of the key factors of enterprises adapting to fast-paced and competitive business environments for creating excellent business performance. An organization's business strategy and structure must also be complementary to generate optimal management performance. Accordingly, in this study, the conceptual framework was based on the strategy-structure-performance model to explore how entrepreneurial orientation influences the slack resources and strategic planning of an organization to enhance business performance. Questionnaires were administered to 182 small and medium enterprises in Taiwan, yielding a 13.46% recovery rate. In this study, we observed that the entrepreneurial orientation of an enterprise generated a positive relationship between organizational slack resources and strategic planning activities that organizational slack resources did not necessarily generate positive organizational management performance, and that strategic planning activities had a positive relationship with organizational management performance. Finally, this paper proposes conclusions and suggestions for future research.
主题分类 社會科學 > 經濟學
社會科學 > 管理學
参考文献
  1. Anderson, J. C.,Gerbing. D. W.(1988).Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach.Psychological bulletin,103(3),411-423.
  2. Barney, J.(1991).Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage.Journal of management,17(1),99-120.
  3. Bergh, D. D.,Lawless, M. W.(1998).Portfolio restructuring and limits to hierarchical governance: The effects of environmental uncertainty and diversification strategy.Organization Science,9(1),87-102.
  4. Bourgeois, L. J.(1981).On the measurement of organizational slack.Academy of Management Review,6(1),29-39.
  5. Bourgeois, L. J.,Singh, J. V.(1983).Organizational slack and political behavior among top management teams.Academy of Management Proceedings,43,43-47.
  6. Bromiley, P.(1991).Testing a causal model of corporate risk taking and performance.Academy of Management journal,34(1),37-59.
  7. Bryson, J. M.(1988).Strategic planning for public and nonprofit organizations.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.
  8. Busenitz, L. W.,West, G. P.,Shepherd, D.,Nelson, T.,Chandler, G. N.,Zacharakis, A.(2003).Entrepreneurship research in emergence: Past trends and future directions.Journal of management,29(3),285-308.
  9. Calantone, R.,Garcia, R.,Dröge, C.(2003).The effects of environmental turbulence on new product development strategy planning.Journal of Product Innovation Management,20(2),90-103.
  10. Carroll, S. J.,Schneier, C. E.(1982).Performance appraisal and review systems: The identification, measurement, and development of performance in organizations.Glenview, IL:Scott, Foresman.
  11. Chandler, A. D.(1962).Strategy and structure: Chapters in the history ofthe industrial enterprise.MIT press.
  12. Cheng, J. L.,Kesner, I. F.(1997).Organizational slack and response to environmental shifts: The impact of resource allocation patterns.Journal of management,23(1),1-18.
  13. Cooper, R. G.,Kleinschmidt, E. J.(1986).An investigation into the new product process: steps, deficiencies, and impact.Journal of product innovation management,3(2),71-85.
  14. Covin, J. G.,Slevin, D. P.(1989).Strategic management of small firms in hostile and benign environments.Strategic management journal,10(1),75-87.
  15. Covin, J. G.,Slevin, D. P.(1991).A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior.Entrepreneurship theory and practice,16(1),7-25.
  16. Cyert, R. M.,March, J. G.(1963).A behavioral theory of the firm.Englewood Cliffs, NJ:
  17. Delaney, J. T.,Huselid, M. A.(1996).The impact of human resource management practices on perceptions of organizational performance.Academy of Management journal,39(4),949-969.
  18. Dess, G. G.,Robinson, R. B.(1984).Measuring organizational performance in the absence of objective measures: The case of the privately-held firm and conglomerate business unit.Strategic management journal,5(3),265-273.
  19. Dimick, D. E.,Murray, V. V.(1978).Correlates of substantive policy decisions in organizations: The case of human resource management.Academy of Management Journal,21(4),611-623.
  20. Drucker, P. F.(1985).Innovation and entrepreneurship.New York:Harper and Row.
  21. Ethiraj , S. K.,Kale, P.,Krishnan, M. S.,Singh, J. V.(2005).Where do capabilities come from and how do they matter? A study in the software services industry.Strategic Management Journal,26(1),25-45.
  22. Geiger, S. W.,Cashen, L. H.(2002).A multidimensional examination of slack and its impact on innovation.Journal of Managerial Issues,14(1),68-84.
  23. Grant, R. M.(1991).The resource-based theory of competitive: Implications for strategy formulation.California Management Review,33(3),114-135.
  24. Guth, W. D.,Ginsberg, A.(1990).Guest editor's introduction: Corporate entrepreneurship.Strategic Management Journal,11(1),5-15.
  25. Hair, J. F.,Tatham, R. L.,Anderson, R. E.,Black, W.(1998).Multivariate Data Analysis.New York:Machmillan Publishing Company.
  26. Hauser, J. R.(2001).Metrics thermostat.Journal of Product Innovation Management,18(3),134-153.
  27. Hofer, C. W.,Bygrave, W. D.(1992).Researching entrepreneurship.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,16(3),91-100.
  28. Katila, R.,Shane, S.(2005).When does lack of resources make new firms innovative?.Academy of Management Journal,48(5),814-829.
  29. Kodithuwakku, S. S.,Rosa, P.(2002).The entrepreneurial process and economic success in a constrained environment.Journal of Business Venturing,17(5),431-465.
  30. Kotter, J. P.(1995).Leading change: Why transformation efforts fail.Harvard business review,73(2),59-67.
  31. Kraatz, M.S.,Zajac, E. J.(2001).How organizational resources affect strategic change and performance in turbulent environments: Theory and evidence.Organization Science,12(5),632-657.
  32. Lieberman, M. B.,Montgomery, D. B.(1988).First-mover advantages.Strategic management journal,9(1),41-58.
  33. Lumpkin, G. T.,Dess, G. G.(1996).Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance.Academy of management Review,21(1),135-172.
  34. Lyon, D. W.,Lumpkin, G. T.,Dess, G. G.(2000).Enhancing entrepreneurial orientation research: Operationalizing and measuring a key strategic decision making process.Journal of management,26(5),1055-1085.
  35. March, J. G.(1991).Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning.Organization Science,2(1),71-87.
  36. March, J. G.,Olsen, J. P.,Christensen, S.(1976).Ambiguity and choice in organizations.Bergen:Universitetsforlaget.
  37. Matsuno, K.,Mentzer, J. T.,Özsomer, A.(2002).The effects of entrepreneurial proclivity and market orientation on business performance.Journal of marketing,66(3),18-32.
  38. Miles, R. E.,Snow, C. C.(1978).Organizational strategy, structure, and process.New York:Mcgraw-Hill.
  39. Miller, D.(1987).The Genesis of Configuration.Academy of Management Review,12(4),686-701.
  40. Miller, D.(1983).The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms.Management Science,29(7),770-791.
  41. Miller, D.,Friesen, P. H.(1978).Archetypes of Strategy Formulation.Management Science,24(9),921-933.
  42. Miller, D.,Friesen, P. H.(1982).Innovation in conservative and entrepreneurial firms: Two models of strategic momentum.Strategic Management Journal,3(1),1-25.
  43. Mintzberg, H.(1973).Strategy-Making in three modes.California Management Review,16(2),44-53.
  44. Mowery, D. C.,Oxley, J. E.,Silverman, B. S.(1998).Technological overlap and interfirm cooperation: Implications for the resource-based view of the firm.Research policy,27(5),507-523.
  45. NASW(1997).Encyclopedia ol Social Work.USA:NASW.
  46. Nohria, N.,Gulati, R.(1996).Is slack good or bad for innovation?.Academy of management Journal,39(5),1245-1264.
  47. Pfeiffer, J. W.,Goodstein, L. D.,Nolan, T.M.(1985).Applied Strategic Planning: An Overview.San Diego, CA:University Associates, Inc..
  48. Porter, M. E.(1990).The competitive advantage of notions.Harvard business review,68,73-93.
  49. Prahalad, C. K.,Hamel, G.(1994).Competing for the Future: Breakthrough Strategies for Seizing Control of Your Industry and Creating the Markets of Tomorrow.Boston, Ma:Harvard Business School Press.
  50. Robbins, S. P.(1990).Organization Theory: Structures, Designs, And Applications.Englewood Cliffs, New York:Prentice-Hall.
  51. Ruekert, R. W.,Walker, O. C, Jr,Roering, K. J.(1985).The organization of marketing activities: A contingency theory of structure and performance.The Journal of Marketing,49(1),13-25.
  52. Rumelt, R. P.(1974).Strategy, Structure and Economic Performance.Harvard Business School, Division of Research.
  53. Segars, A. H.,Grover, V.(1993).Re-examining perceived ease of use and usefulness: A confirmatory factor analysis.MIS Quarterly,17(4),517-525.
  54. Sharfman, M. P.,Wolf, G.,Chase, R. B.,Tansik, D. A.(1988).Antecedents of organizational slack.Academy of Management Review,13(4),601-614.
  55. Shieh, G. S.(1992)."Boss" Island: The subcontracting network and micro-entrepreneurship in Taiwan's development.New York:Peter Lang Pub Inc.
  56. Singh, J. V.(1986).Performance, slack, and risk taking in organizational decision making.Academy of management Journal,29(3),562-585.
  57. Stevenson, H. H.,Jarillo, J. C.(1990).A paradigm of entrepreneurship: entrepreneurial management.Strategic management journal,11(5),17-27.
  58. Stopford, J. M.,Baden-Fuller, C. W.(1994).Creating corporate entrepreneurship.Strategic management journal,15(7),521-536.
  59. Tan, J.,Peng, M. W.(2003).Organizational slack and firm performance during economic transitions: Two studies from an emerging economy.Strategic Management Journal,24,1249-1263.
  60. Thompson, J. D.(1967).Organizations in action.New York:McGraw-Hill.
  61. Timmons, J. A.(1994).New Venture Creation.BurrRidge, IL:Irwin.
  62. Venkatraman, N.(1989).Strategic orientation of business enterprises: The construct, dimensionality, and measurement.Management science,35(8),942-962.
  63. Venkatraman, N.,Ramanujam, V.(1986).Measurement of business performance in strategy research: a comparison of approaches.Academy of management review,11(4),801-814.
  64. Voss, G. B.,Sirdeshmukh, D.,Voss, Z. G.(2008).The effects of slack resources and environmental threat on product exploration and exploitation.Academy of Management Journal,51(1),147-164.
  65. Wiklund, J.,Shepherd, D.(2003).Knowledge-based resources, entrepreneurial orientation, and the performance of small and medium-sized businesses.Strategic management journal,24(13),1307-1314.
  66. Woo, C. Y.,Willard, G.(1983).Performance representation in strategic management research: Discussions and recommendations.annual meeting of the Academy of Management,Dallas:
  67. 經濟部中小企業處(2013)。2013 中小企業白皮書。台北市:經濟部中小企業處。
被引用次数
  1. 謝美珍、林婷鈴、何雅文(2017)。情境因素、承諾、接任意願與營運模式之研究－中小型傳統產業為例。企業管理學報，112，67-97。
  2. (2016)。非營利組織餘裕之創造與運用：以ß基金會麵包工場為例。產業與管理論壇，18(4)，24-46。
print cancel