Central Field Loss in Object-System and Low-Vision Simulation

兩種中心視野缺陷模擬系統之應用成效研究

10.6172/BSE200609.3101010

Laura A. Bozeman；張千惠(Chien-Huey Sophie Chang)

中心視野缺陷 ； 功能性的定向行動能力評估 ； 視覺模擬系統 ； 弱視模擬 ； 視覺敏銳度測試 ； 周圍視野測試 ； central field loss ； simulator systems ； object-system simulation ； low-vision simulation ； visual acuity testing ； peripheral field testing

特殊教育研究學刊

31期（2006 / 09 / 01）

207 - 220

英文

本研究旨在探討兩種中心視野缺陷模擬系統之應用成效。受試者為19位明眼的大學生，這些學生沒有任何的身心障礙狀況。在研究中，研究者請這19位明眼大學生分別戴著兩種不同缺陷程度的中心視野缺陷模擬系統並參與功能性的定向行動能力評估。同時，研究者記錄每一位受試者在GDCITS評量表(Geruschat and Del' Aune's Critical Incidents Tally Sheet)上的行為次數。GDCITS評量表共有六個行為項目：一、bump errors表示「碰撞到任何物品或人」；二、stumble errors表示「膝蓋以下的身體部位碰撞到任何物品或人而改變步態或身體姿勢」；三、drop-off errors表示「未察覺地面高度之差異而改變行走步態或身體姿勢」；四、orientation errors表示「未朝著指定之目的地方向前進或無法完成指定之行走動線」；五、false move errors表示「伸出手想要抓取或摸索物品」；六、street crossing errors表示「以危險的方式過馬路」。 本研究發現，戴著第一種中心視野缺陷模擬系統的受試者於日常情境中行走時並未產生功能性的行為變化（亦即，上段所提之六種行為項目），其行為表現反而跟未配戴模擬系統時的表現很相近。然而，當受試者戴上第二種中心視野缺陷模擬系統並於日常情境中行走時，卻表現出上述的六種行為；此種功能性行為表現與文獻所言之中心視野缺陷視障者的經驗非常雷同。由本研究發現可知，第一種中心視野缺陷模擬系統比較適合於臨床上（亦即，受控制的靜態環境）使用；而第二種中心視野缺陷模擬系統則比較適合用於日常情境中之訓練。因此這兩種中心視野缺陷模擬系統之訓練功能是無法互相交換的。本研究結果亦認為，為了比較有效地瞭解中心視野缺陷患者之經驗，在設計與使用類似的視野缺陷模擬系統時，需要考量該設計是否能夠幫助使用者體驗出真正患者之實際經驗。本文文末亦提出研究限制與未來研究之方向。

This study examined the fidelity of low vision simulator systems, specifically for central field loss, in clinical and functional settings. The participants were 19 sighted undergraduate students who underwent clinical visual assessment (visual acuity and peripheral field examinations) and functional orientation and mobility assessment (counts of bumps, stumbles, drop-offs, false moves, and street-crossing errors as noted on Geruschat and Del'Aune's Critical Incidents Tally Sheet), while wearing two different low vision simulator goggles for central field loss. The findings of this study indicated that while one simulator was moderately suitable for clinical purposes (it produced varied decreases in visual acuity and peripheral field results), the other was suitable for functional simulation (it produced behaviors observed in the adult population with central field loss, e.g. stumbles, false moves, slower travel time, etc.), and these two were not interchangeable. This research supports the need for outcome-based fidelity in the design and use of low-vision simulator systems in order to achieve effective simulation. Limitations of this study and suggestions for future research are provided.

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