民眾參與志願服務及其投入時間的影響因素

Contributing Factors to Individuals' Decisions to Participate in Volunteering

10.29734/SJSW.200512.0004

呂朝賢(Chao-Hsien Leu)；鄭清霞(Ching-Hsia Cheng)

非營利組織 ； 志願服務 ； 志工管理 ； 志願服務之決定因素 ； 志工投入與參與 ； Nonprofit Organization ； Volunteering ； Volunteer Management ； Determinants of Volunteering ； Volunteer Commitment and Participation

東吳社會工作學報

13期（2005 / 12 / 01）

121 - 164

繁體中文

志願服務是當下台灣重要的公民集體行動之一，亦是公益性非營利組織長久以來遂行組織使命的重要資源。本文檢視以往的相關文獻建構出一初步的分析架構，以行政院主計處1999年臺灣地區社會發展趨勢調查資料為分析資料，主要研究結果如下：1、影響台灣民眾志願服務參與的因素包括－性別、世代、婚姻狀況、教育程度、工作情形、個人全年收入、是否參與社團、是否捐錢、是否捐衣與捐血。其中男性、未曾有婚約者、教育程度愈高者、部分工時者、所得愈低者、有參與社團者、有捐錢者、有捐衣與捐血者，相較其它類屬者有較高的志願服務參與傾向。2、影響台灣民眾志願服務時間投入多寡的因素包括－世代、教育程度、工作情形、是否參與社團、是否捐錢、是否捐衣與捐血。其中青壯世代（40－59歲）、教育程度愈高者、部分工時者、有參與社團者、有捐錢者、有捐衣與捐血者，投入志願服務的時間較其它類屬者長。3、此些變項所表示的含意為－參與機會與訊息、慈善認知、家庭照護責任、補充效應等因素與人們志願服務參與及投入有密切的關連性存在。4、最後，本文亦依研究結果，對相關政策、志工運用單位及未來相關研究做若干檢討與建議。

Volunteers provide an important human resource for NPO to achieve its goals. To explore the factors affecting volunteering and amount of time devoted, the researchers of this study devised an analysis structure based on previous studies. The data of our analysis derived from DGBAS' ”Social Development Survey and Social Activity Participation Supplement Survey” to examine. Findings include:1. Gender, age cohort, marriage status, education, work, income, participation in association, financial, blood or clothing donation all contribute to people's decision to participate in volunteer work. In general, male, married or formerly married people, higher-educated citizens, part-time workers, low-incomers, association members, money, blood & clothing donators are more motivated to volunteer.2. The empirical results also show that the above factors except gender and marital status are important factors in the amount of volunteering time. In general, someone who belongs to 40-59 age cohort, receives higher education, works as part-timer, participates in association, donates money, blood, & clothing would spend more time in volunteering.3. These results confirm the researchers' expectation that family duty, participation opportunities and access to information, social pressure, pro-social attitudes, complemental effect are associated with volunteer labor supply.4. Based on the results, several suggestions are proposed for further local research.

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1. 廖淑卿,孫智辰(2023)。活躍老年生活？中高齡男性未投入志願服務之探討。社會發展研究學刊，32，67-94。
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