“積極促進”(activation)概念的解析

The Concept of Activation

10.29734/SJSW.200706.0005

王永慈(Yeong-Tsyr Wang)

積極促進 ； 積極勞動市場政策 ； 失業 ； 工作福利 ； activation ； active labor market policy ； unemployment ； workfare

東吳社會工作學報

16期（2007 / 06 / 01）

151 - 173

繁體中文

本文主要是解析近十年來歐美國家所強調的「積極促進」(activation)的概念。討論分為五部份，首先是解釋「積極促進」的定義以及發展的脈絡，並加以區分其與「積極勞動市場」、「工作取向」、「工作福利」、「工作誘因」等概念的差異。其次是介紹此概念的分類，包括理論性概念的分類以及實際狀況的分類。第三部份是討論社會救助中的積極促進，由於歐洲國家有漸多的失業者進入社會救助的體系，社會救助已成為積極促進政策推動的主要領域，因此有其探討的重要性。第四部份是呈現相關方案的效果，最後則是進行政策的討論。

The focus of this article is on the concept of activation, which has been discussed in OECD and EU member states since 1990s. There are five sections including: firstly, the definition and the historical background of this term, as well as the comparison with other related concepts will be presented. Secondly, the typology of activation will be analyzed. The third section is to illustrate the role of social assistance towards activation. Since social assistance has become a significant area for implementing activation, it needs to be taken into account. The fourth section discusses the effectiveness and impacts of the related programs. Finally, policy implications and suggestions will also be presented.

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