题名

中年危機？角色壓力、健康壓力與就業力對職場退縮傾向的影響

并列篇名

Mid-Life Crisis? The Impact of Role Stress, Health Stress and Employability on Withdrawal Intention

DOI

10.6147/JHRM.2011.1202.03

作者

廖慈惠(Tzu-Hui Liao)；溫金豐(Jin-Feng Uen)

关键词

中年危機 ； 角色壓力 ； 健康壓力 ； 就業力 ； 職場退縮 ； mid-life crisis ； role stress ； health stress ； employability ； withdrawal intention

期刊名称

人力資源管理學報

卷期/出版年月

12卷2期（2012 / 06 / 01）

页次

49 - 66

内容语文

繁體中文
中文摘要

隨著生育率下降與提早退休的趨勢，勞動人口結構正產生了變化，近十年中，臺灣40至54歲工作者佔總勞動人口由34%升至37%，中年工作者在工作場所佔比重逐漸提高，因此，中年工作者相關議題日益受到重視，以往人力資源策略對於中年員工管理，經常對於其績效管理、甄選與訓練等方面投以關注，甚少由中年工作者自身的各項主觀或客觀感受觀察，現代生活似乎無法避免壓力，而且角色壓力、健康壓力和就業力與工作績效有密切的關係，中年工作者在職場發生退縮傾向，可能降低工作績效，透過中年工作者自身觀點，針對他們的角色壓力、健康壓力與就業力造成退縮傾向，進行深入的研究，從而發展有效的人力資源管理策略，促使組織更具能力因應快速變化的環境。本研究以40至54歲之全職工作者為研究母體並回收有效問卷205份進行驗證，實證結果發現：健康壓力、角色壓力與中年工作者的職場退縮傾向呈正向關係，就業力與職場退縮傾向呈負向關係。
英文摘要

By the trend of decreasing baby-bust and early-retirement, the labor force structure has changed. The middle-age workers will become prevalent in the work place. The impact of middle-age workforce raises the height-light issuers facing employees today. Attention is mainly given to the human resource policies which may impact middle-age workers such as performance management, selection and training, etc. Less research has focused on attitudes toward held by middle-aged adults themselves. The stress seems an inescapable part of modern life. The role stress, health stress and employability are negative to job performance. Withdrawal behaviors refer to a set of attitudes and will be less participative. The middle-age workers' withdrawal intention is costly and result in decreased performance. This research aims to explore on middle-age workers and withdrawal intention in depth in order to development the best human resource practices.
主题分类 社會科學 > 心理學
社會科學 > 社會學
社會科學 > 經濟學
社會科學 > 管理學
社會科學 > 法律學
参考文献
  1. 行政院主計總處，2012，「平均餘命」，2012 年 3 月 16 日，取自 http://www.dgbas.gov.tw
  2. 行政院勞工委員會，2012，「我國近 10 年勞動人口之年齡分布」，2011 年 11 月 30 日，取自 http://statdb.cla.gov.tw/static
  3. Akintayo, D. I.(2010).Influence of emotional intelligence on work-family role conflict management and reduction in withdrawal intentions of workers in private organizations.Business & Economics Research Journal,9(12),131-140.
  4. Aryee, S.(1993).A path-analytic investigation of the determinants of career withdrawal intentions of engineers: Some HRM issues arising in a professional labour market in Singapore.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,4,213-230.
  5. Bacon, N.,Ackers, P.,Storey, J.,Coates, D.(1996).It's a small world: Managing human resources in small businesses.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,7,82-100.
  6. Bagozzi, R. P.(1978).Salesforce performance and satisfaction as a function of individual difference, interpersonal and situational factors.Journal of Marketing Research,15,517-531.
  7. Becker, G. S.(1964).Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education.New York:Columbia University Press.
  8. Beehr, T. A.,Newman, J. E.(1978).Job stress employee health, and organizational effectiveness: A facet analysis, model, and literature review.Personnel Psychology,31,665-699.
  9. Cai, L.(2007).The relationship between health and labour force participation: Evidence from a panel data simultaneous equation model.Labour Economics,17,77-90.
  10. Charness, N.(Ed.)(1985).Aging and human performance.Chichester, UK:Willey.
  11. Cooper, C. L.(Ed.),Robertson, I. T.(Ed.)(1992).International review of industrial and organizational psychology.Chichester, UK:Willey.
  12. Edwards, J. R.(1992).A cybernetic theory of stress, coping and well-being in organizations.The Academy of Management Review,17,238-274.
  13. Fogarty, T. J.(1994).Public accounting work experience: The influence of demographic and organizational attributes.Managerial Auditing Journal,9(7),12-20.
  14. Forrier, A.,Sels, L.(2003).The concept employability: A complex mosaic.International Journal of Human Resources Development and Management,3,102-124.
  15. Goolsby, J. R.(1992).A theory of role stress in boundary spanning positions of marketing organizations.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,20,155-164.
  16. Greenhaus, J. H.,Parasuraman, S.(1987).A work-nonwork interactive perspective of stress and its consequence.Journal of Organizational Behavior Management,8,37-60.
  17. Grossman, M.(1972).On the concept of health capital and the demand for health.Journal of Political Economy,80,223-255.
  18. Guest, D. E.(1987).Human resource management and industrial relations.Journal of Management Studies,24,503-521.
  19. Harris, M. M.,Bladen, A.(1994).Wording effects in the measurement of role conflict and role ambiguity: A multitrait-multimethod analysis.Journal of Management,20,887-901.
  20. Hill, R. E.,Miller, E. L.(1981).Job change and the middle seasons of a man's life.Academy of Management Journal,24,114-127.
  21. Jaques, E.(1965).Death and the mid-life crisis.International Journal of Psycho-Analysis,46,502-514.
  22. Kaplan, S.,Bradley, J. C.,Luchman, J. N.,Hayness, D.(2009).On the role of positive and negative affectivity in job performance: A meta-analytic investigation.Journal of Applied Psychology,94,162-176.
  23. Lee, R. T.,Ashforth, B. E.(1996).A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of job burnout.Journal of Applied Psychology,81,123-133.
  24. Legge, K.(1995).Human resource management: Rhetorics and realities.Basingstoke, UK:Palgrave Macmillan.
  25. Leider, R. J.(2008).Meeting the midlife challenge.Leader to Leader,2008(49),21-24.
  26. Leitner, K.,Resch, M. G.(2005).Do the effects of job stressors on health persist over time? A longitudinal study with observational stressor measures.Journal of Occupational Health Psychology,10,18-30.
  27. Levinson, D. J.,Darrow, C.,Klein, E.,Levinson, M.,McKee, B.(1986).The seasons of a man's life.New York:Ballantine Books.
  28. Levinson, H.(1969).On being a middle-aged manager.Harvard Business Review,47(4),51-60.
  29. Maslach, C.,Schaufeli, W. B.,Leiter, M. P.(2001).Job burnout.Annual Review of Psychology,52,397-422.
  30. McVicar, A.(2003).Workplace stress in nursing: A literature review.Journal of Advanced Nursing,44,633-642.
  31. Mitoma, M.,Yoshimura, R.,Sugita, A.,Umene, W.,Hori, H.,Nakano, H.(2008).Stress at work alters serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and plasma 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol (MHPG) levels in healthy volunteers: BDNF and MHPG as possible biological markers of mental stress?.Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry,32,679-685.
  32. Morrison, M. H.(1986).Work and retirement in an aging society.The Aging Society,115(1),269-293.
  33. Muecke, S.(2005).Effects of rotating night shifts: Literature review.Journal of Advanced Nursing,50,433-439.
  34. Pajo, K.,Coetzer, A.,Guenole, N.(2010).Formal development opportunities and withdrawal behaviors by employees in small and medium-sized enterprises.Journal of Small Business Management,48,281-301.
  35. Podsakoff, N. P.,LePine, J. A.,LePine, M. A.(2007).Differential challenge stressor-hindrance stressor relationships with job attitudes, turnover intentions, turnover, and withdrawal behavior: A meta-analysis.Journal of Applied Psychology,92,438-454.
  36. Poissonnet, C. M.,Véron, M.(2000).Health effects of work schedules in healthcare professions.Journal of Clinical Nursing,9,13-23.
  37. Rusbult, C. E.,Farrell, D.,Rogers, G.,Mainous, A. G., III.(1988).Impact of exchange variables on exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect: An integrative model of responses to declining job satisfaction.Academy of Management Journal,31,599-627.
  38. Sager, J. K.,Wilson, P. H.(1995).Clarification of the meaning of job stress in the context of sales force research.Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management,15(3),51-63.
  39. Singh, J.,Goolsby, J. R.,Rhoads, G. K.(1994).Behavioral and psychological consequences of boundary spanning burnout for customer service representatives.Journal of Marketing Research,31,558-569.
  40. Solomon, L.(Ed.)(1978).New directions for education and work series.San Francisco:Jossey Bass.
  41. Sparrow, P. R.(1998).The pursuit of multiple and parallel organizational flexibilities: Reconstituting jobs.European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology,7,79-95.
  42. Spector, P. E.,Jex, S. M.(1998).Development of four self-report measures of job stressors and strain: Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale, Organizational Constraints Scale, Quantitative Workload Inventory, and Physical Symptoms Inventory.Journal of Occupational Health Psychology,3,356-367.
  43. Sterns, H. L.,Miklos, S. M.(1995).The aging worker in a changing environment: Organizational and individual issues.Journal of Vocational Behavior,47,248-268.
  44. The WHOQOL Group.(1993).Study protocol for the World Health Organization project to develop a Quality of Life assessment instrument (WHOQOL).Quality of Life Research,2,153-159.
  45. Thomas, J.(1982).Mid-career crisis and the organization.Business Horizons,25(6),73-78.
  46. Tseng, M. S.(1972).Self-perception and employability: A vocational rehabilitation problem.Journal of Counseling Psychology,19,314-317.
  47. Tyagi, P. K.(1985).The effects on stressful organizational conditions on salesperson work motivation.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,13,290-309.
  48. Van Dam, K.(2004).Antecedents and consequences of employability-orientation.European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology,13,29-51.
  49. Wall, T. D.,Jackson, P. R.,Mullarkey, S.,Parker, S. K.(1996).The demands-control model of job strain: A more specific test.Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology,69,153-166.
  50. Wan Hussin, W. M. A.(2008).Managing stress at the workplace: The application of Wan Hussin 3-dimensional stress management model.Pranjana: The Journal of Management Awareness,11(2),16-26.
  51. Wang, P.,Lawler, J. J.,Walumbwa, F. O.,Shi, K.(2004).Work-family conflict and job withdrawal intentions: The moderating effect of cultural differences.International Journal of Stress Management,11,392-412.
  52. Withey, M. J.,Cooper, W. H.(1989).Predicting exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect.Administrative Science Quarterly,34,521-539.
  53. 卡洛．史純格、亞里．拉登柏格(2008)。開啟中年轉機。哈佛商業評論全球繁體中文版，18，1-9。
  54. 黃有志(2001)。失業潮談─中年危機的調適。健康世界，181，9-11。
被引用次数
  1. 闞昀芝,黃政昌,馮欣,徐世裴(2021)。「中年危機心理評估」的內涵與方式之探討。諮商與輔導，429，41-46+5。
  2. 賴璽方、楊美玉、陳淑貞、戚樹誠、朱志傑(2016)。臺灣組織行為的實證發現：一項國內管理期刊論文的30 年回顧。管理學報，33(1)，1-34。
  3. 賴儀娟,陳殷哲(2021)。角色壓力與職場退縮傾之研究－以心理資本為調節變項。中華行政學報，28，45-77。
  4. 羅廷瑛(2023)。男性宗教志工生涯發展歷程暨影響因素之探究。發展與前瞻學報，40，81-103。
  5. 蘇俊賢、羅景騰、古蕙蘭(2016)。中強度壺鈴訓練對中年女性身體組成、下背肌力與握力之影響。文化體育學刊 ，22，23-32。
  6. 謝淑玲,李孟芬(2021)。中高齡自由工作者之職涯選擇歷程。勞動及職業安全衛生研究季刊，29(2)，109-131。
  7. 趙仁方、章箴慧、林錦玲(2014)。高等教育機構職員的休閒涉入、休閒效益與工作滿意度之關係。島嶼觀光研究，7(3)，1-26。
  8. 鄭志富,陳逸杰,陳怡雯,呂宛蓁,吳明翰(2022)。學校運動教練工作不安全感、組織認同、工作倦怠與工作退縮行為：工作要求－資源模式之觀點。體育學報，55(2)，193-212。
print cancel