護理科系學生參與服務學習之轉變知覺探究

A Qualitative Study of Undergraduate Nursing Students' Transition Perceptions during Service Learning

10.3966/102673012016092703001

林淑君(Shu-Chun Lin)；曾明晰(Ming-Sea Tseng)

護理科系學生 ； 服務學習 ； 轉變 ； 主題分析法 ； 詮釋現象學 ； undergraduate nursing students ； service learning ； transition ； thematic analysis ； hermeneutic phenomenology

長庚護理

27卷3期（2016 / 09 / 01）

307 - 320

繁體中文

本研究探討學生參與服務學習之後的轉變知覺內涵，以參與服務學習無學分之必修課程的北部某校科技大學護理科系學生為對象，進行6 次焦點團體訪談，共有36 位護理科系學生參與研究，護理科系學生參與服務學習之後的轉變知覺，透過詮釋現象學的觀點，以主題分析法歸納出掙扎、覺醒與向前看等階段。在掙扎階段，護理科系學生出現嘗試不同角色之內心衝突以及超越自我原本角色思維的變化；在覺醒階段，發現護理科系學生可以跳脫現有的生活框架以及察覺提升專業與其他能力的重要；在向前看階段，護理科系學生發現了解他人及體會生命意義、強化好護理師的特質、預見未來職場的專業需求等。本結果可理解學生參與服務學習之轉變知覺，有助於學生個人成長以及與專業方面的連結，並且作為服務學習課程之參考。

This qualitative study aimed to understand nursing students' perceptions of transitions during service learning. College nursing students who were participating in service learning at a university in northern Taiwan were invited to join the focus groups. Thirty-six students agreed to participate in the study, which involved six focus-group interviews. We identified their perceptions of transitions from a hermeneutic phenomenological perspective, and the interview data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The transitions considered were the following stages of service learning: struggle, awakening, and looking to the future. Sub-themes were: the inner conflict of trying different roles, moving beyond self-role thinking, escaping the existing life framework, discovering the importance of enhancing professional and other skills, understanding others and experiencing the meaning of life, strengthening good nurse characteristics, and foreseeing the future professional needs of the workplace. This study aids in understanding nursing students' transition perceptions during service learning. These findings may help students with their personal growth and career development, and serve as a reference for service learning institutions.

1. 王秀槐(2002)。人我之際： 臺灣大學生的生涯建構歷程。本土心理學研究，17，165-242。
   連結：
2. 何政光(2009)。學生參與服務學習之反思能力與其就業力關係之研究。國立臺中技術學院通識教育學報，3，125 -144。
   連結：
3. 李靜姝、陳志軒、徐畢卿(2011)。運用體驗學習提升人文素養 以「關懷與服務學習」課程為例。醫學教育，15(2)，134 -142。
   連結：
4. 張同廟、柳金財、魏世賢(2010)。影響大學生服務學習成效的相關因素研究。育達科大學報，23，81-108。
   連結：
5. American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2008). Cultural competency in baccalaureate nursing education. Retrieved from http://www.aacn.nche.edu/Education/pdf/competency.pdf
6. Anderson, M. L.,Goodman, J.,Schlossberg, N. K.(2012).Counseling adults in transition: Linking Schlossberg's theory with practice in a diverse world.New York:Springer Publishing Company.
7. Ashforth, B. E.,Saks, A. M.(1995).Work-role transitions: A longitudinal examination of the Nicholson model.Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology,68(2),157-175.
8. Astin, A. W.,Vogelgesang, L. J.,Ikeda, E. K.,Yee, J. A.(2000).How service learning affects students.Los Angeles:Higher Education Research Institute, University of California.
9. Bailey, P.,Carpenter, D. R.,Harrington, P.(2002).Theoretical foundations of service-learning in nursing education.Journal of Nursing Education,41(10),433-436.
10. Bentley, R.,Ellison, K. J.(2005).Impact of a service-learning project on nursing students.Nursing education perspectives,26(5),287-290.
11. Cashman, S.,Sarena, D.,Seifer, D.(2008).Service-learning: An integral part of undergraduate public health.American Journal of Preventive Medicine,35,273-278.
12. Curtin, A. J.,Martins, D. C.,Schwartz-Barcott, D.(2014).A Mixed Methods Evaluation of an International Service Learning Program in the Dominican Republic.Public Health Nursing
13. Erickson, E. H.(1968).Identity: Youth and Crisis.New York:Norton.
14. Eyler, J.,Hall, A.(2007).Eyler, J., & Hall, A. (2007). The impact of servicelearning on student outcomes. For Peabody Summer School Leadership Institute for Private School Leaders..
15. Freshwater, D.,Maslin-Prothero, S. E.(2005).Blackwell's Nursing Dictionary.New York:Blackwell.
16. Harvey, L.,Locke, W.,Morey, A.(2002).Enhancing Employability, Recognizing Diversity.London:Universities UK.
17. Hergenhahn, B. R.,Olson, M. H.(2001).An Introduction to Theories of Learning.Upper Saddle River, N.J.:Prentice Hall.
18. Hunt, R.(2007).Service-learning: an eyeopening experience that provokes emotion and challenges stereotypes.Journal of Nurse Education,46,277-281.
19. Hunt, R.,Swiggum, P.(2007).Being in another world: Transcultural student experiences using service learning with families who are homeless.Journal of Transcultural Nursing,18(2),167-174.
20. Husserl, E.、倪梁康譯(2009)。內時間意識現象學。北京市=Beijing, China:商務印書館=The Commercial Press。
21. Lashley, M.(2007).Nurses on a mission: a professional service learning experience with inner-city homeless.Nursing Education Perspectives,28,24-26.
22. Lin, C. Y.,Wu, S. W.,Wu, S. F.,Pan, B. S.,Liao, H. C.(2014).Effects of Service-learning in a University in Taiwan.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,116,902-906.
23. Lincoln, Y. S.,Guba, E. G.(1985).Naturalistic inquiry.Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.
24. Mitchell, G.(2013).Selecting the best theory to implement planned change.Nursing Management,20(1),32-37.
25. National Service-Learning Clearinghouse. (2008). History of service-learning in higher education. Retrieved from http://www.servicelearning.org/filemanager/download/History_of_SL_in_HE_FINAL_May08.pdf
26. Olsan, T. H.,Forbes, R. A.,MacWilliams, G.,Norwood, W. S.,Reifsteck, M. A.,Trosin, B.,Weber, M. M.(2003).Strengthening nurses' political identity through service learning partnerships in education.Journal of the New York State Nurses Association,34(2),16-21.
27. Patton, M. Q.(2002).Qualitative evaluation and research method.Newbury Park:Sage.
28. Peterson, S. J.,Schaffer, M. J.(1999).Service learning: A strategy to develop group collaboration and research skills.Journal of Nursing Education,38,208-216.
29. Proksch, M. K.(2007).A successful service learning model for online students.Communicating Nursing Research,40,234.
30. Reising, D. L.,Shea, R. A.,Allen, P. N.,Laux, M. M.,Hensel, D.,Watts, P. A.(2008).Using service learning to develop health promotion and research skills in nursing students.International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship,5(1),1-15.
31. Rogers, E. M.(2003).Diffusion of innovations.New York:The Free Press.
32. Roussel, L.(2006).Management and Leadershi pfor Nurse Administrators.London:Jones and Bartlett.
33. Schlossberg, N. K.,Waters, E. B.,Goodman, J.(1995).Counseling adults in transition: Linking practice with theory.New York:Springer Publishing Company.
34. Seifer, S. D.(1998).Service-learning: Community campus partnerships for health professions education.Academic Medicine,73(3),273-7.
35. Sigmon, R.(Ed.)(1996).The Journey to Service-Learning.Washington, D. C.:Council of Independent Colleges.
36. Van Manen, M.、高淑清譯、連雅慧譯、林月琴譯(2004)。探究生活經驗：建立敏思行動教育學的人文科學。嘉義市=Chiayi City, Taiwan, ROC:濤石文化=Tao Stone Culture。
37. Ward, S.,Blair, M.,Henton, F.,Jackson, H.,Landolt, T.,Mattson, K.(2007).Service learning across an accelerated curriculum.Journal of Nurse Education,46,427-430.
38. Wehmeiier, S.,Ashby, M.(2000).Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary.London:Oxford.
39. 尹美琪(2002)。專責單位主導之服務學習課程─ 以輔仁大學為例。通識教育，9(3)，35-72。
40. 何英奇(1988)。大專學生之責任感與自我認同與角色：艾立克森青年自我認同與角色理論之倫理分析。教育心理學報，21，77-98。
41. 陳文喜(2012)。服務學習教學法對大學生專業課程學習效果之影響。真理大學運動知識學報，9，113-129。
42. 曾騰光(2002)。實施勞作教育制度的教育功能─以朝陽科技大學之經驗為例。學生輔導，81，48-59。
43. 黃玉校閱(2009)。從服務中學習－跨領域服務學習理論與實務。臺北=Taipei:洪葉文化=Hong Ye Culture。
44. 葉美玉、李選(2011)。護理專業應致力提升的人文素養。護理雜誌，58(5)，12-16。
45. 劉杏元、趙淑員(2012)。服務學習與健康專業教育：有效的教學策略。臺灣醫學，16，432-427。
46. 盧俊銘(2012)。老人福祉科技基礎課程之設計與實施。福祉科技與服務管理學刊，2(2)，171-178。