台灣國際醫療的現況及展望

Status and Outlook of International Medical Services in Taiwan

10.6386/CGN.201912_30(4).0003

賴旗俊(Chi-Chun Lai)；陳憲葳(Hsien-Wei Chen)；唐婉如(Woung-Ru Tang)

國際醫療 ； 醫療旅遊 ； 服務品質 ； international medicine ； medical tourism ； service quality

長庚護理

30卷4期（2019 / 12 / 01）

459 - 465

繁體中文

台灣的醫療水準在亞洲甚至全世界都頗獲好評，隨著政府積極推動新南向政策，將國際醫療視為重要醫療旅遊產業，並鬆綁相關政策促進發展，各大醫學中心也紛紛跟進，搶食這塊新商機。雖然發展國際醫療已是世界潮流，台灣也積極跟進，但是除了金錢的收益之外，並無任何實證可以說明台灣國際醫療服務的品質，因此，從事國際醫療服務品質的相關研究刻不容緩。回顧所有與國際醫療有關的研究型文獻，發現只有一篇來自台灣，作者透過質性研究探討18位來自中國大陸的顧客為何選擇台灣為醫療旅遊地點，及他們對台灣醫療服務的印象，由於半數以上的受訪者都是來台接受健檢服務，他們的想法可能與罹患重病的國際醫療個案不同，因此有需要進行更嚴謹的研究，探討不同就醫目的（健檢vs治病）、不同國家的病人（中國大陸vs其他東南亞國家）、或不同性質的國際醫療病人（自費就醫vs人道醫療救援），對台灣國際醫療服務品質的看法。筆者認為雖然台灣國際醫療蓬勃發展，但是穩定且不斷精進的服務品質，才是台灣國際醫療應該重視的焦點，如此才能提高國際醫療病人的就醫滿意度及其回診的意願，進而願意推薦他人前來就醫，為台灣國際醫療創造更長遠的商機。

The medical level of Taiwan is highly acknowledged in Asia and even around the world. Since the government actively promotes the ＂new southward policy＂, international medical services have been regarded as an important medical tourist industry and the government is also relieving related policy restrictions to stimulate its development. All major hospitals are striving to seize this new business opportunity. Despite the fact that international medical service has become the development trend, what is its service quality apart from the economic profits? The latter actually deserves more attention of the industry, authorities, and academic field. Therefore, it is important to research on the quality of international medical services. In review of all research literatures related to international medical services, it is found that only one article is from Taiwan. Its author explored through qualitative research method why 18 customers from Mainland China selected Taiwan as their medical tourist destination and their impression of medical services in Taiwan. As majority of the respondents came to Taiwan for healthcare services, their opinions may be different from international medical customers with illness. Thus more research are needed to investigate the opinions about the quality of international medical services in Taiwan from customers with different medical purposes (healthcare vs illness treatment), patients from different countries (Mainland China vs other SEA countries) or different types of international medical patients (self-financed medical group vs humanistic medical assistance). The author argued that although the international medical services are prospering in Taiwan, the focus shall be on the stable and continuously improved quality of services. Only in this way can it improve the medical service satisfaction and return visit willingness of patients seeking for international medical services as well as their willingness to recommend others to come to Taiwan for medical services, thus bringing more long-term business opportunities for international medical services in Taiwan.

1. Al-Azzam, A. F. M.(2016).A study of the impact of marketing mix for attracting medical tourism in Jordan.International Journal of Marketing Studies,8(1),139-149.
2. Aljumah, A. I.,Islam, A.,Noor, I. M.(2017).Determinants of foreign patients loyalty of medical tourism in malaysia: Trust and perceived value as moderators.Sci. Int.,29(3),579-587.
3. Awang, Z.,Afthanorhan, A.,Mohamad, M.,Asri, M.(2015).An evaluation of measurement model for medical tourism research: The confirmatory factor analysis approach.International Journal of Tourism Policy,6(1),29-45.
4. Awang, Z.,Afthanorhan, A.,Mohamad, M.,Asri, M. A. M.(2015).An evaluation of measurement model for medical tourism research: the confirmatory factor analysis approach.International Journal of Tourism Policy,6(1),29-45.
5. Caballero-Danell, S.,Mugomba, C.(2007).Goteborg University.
6. Chomvilailuk, R.,Srisomyong, N.(2015).Three dimensional perceptions of medical/health travelers and destination brand choices: Cases of Thailand.Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences,175,376-383.
7. Connell, J.(2013).Contemporary medical tourism: Conceptualisation, culture and commodification.Tourism Management,34,1-13.
8. Fetscherin, M.,Stephano, R.-M.(2016).The medical tourism index: Scale development and validation.Tourism Management,52,539-556.
9. Han, H.,Hyun, S. S.(2015).Customer retention in the medical tourism industry: Impact of quality, satisfaction, trust, and price reasonableness.Tourism Management,46,20-29.
10. Johnston, R.,Adams, K.,Bishop, L.,Crooks, V. A.,Snyder, J.(2015)."Best care on home ground" versus "elitist healthcare": Concerns and competing expectations for medical tourism development in Barbados.International Journal for Equity in Health,14(1),15.
11. Jun, J.(2016).Framing service, benefit, and credibility through images and texts: A content analysis of online promotional messages of Korean medical tourism industry.Health communication,31(7),845-852.
12. Kondasani, R. K.,Panda, R. K.(2015).Customer perceived service quality, satisfaction and loyalty in Indian private healthcare.International journal of health care quality assurance,28(5),452-467.
13. Pan, T. J.,Chen, W. C.(2014).Chinese medical tourists-Their perceptions of Taiwan.Tourism Management,44,108-112.
14. Qolipour, M.,Torabipour, A.,Khiavi, F. F.,Malehi, A. S.(2017).Validation of Medical Tourism Service Quality Questionnaire (MTSQQ) for Iranian hospitals.Electronic Physician,9(3),3905-3911.
15. Rezaee, R.,Mohammadzadeh, M.(2016).Effective factors in expansion of medical tourism in Iran.Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran,30,409-409.
16. Rokni, L.,Avci, T.,Park, S. H.(2017).Barriers of developing medical tourism in a destination: A case of South Korea.Iranian Journal of Public Health,46(7),930-937.
17. Saadatnia, F.,Mehregan, M. R.(2014).Determining and prioritizing factors affecting to increase customers attraction of medical tourism from the perspective of Arabic countries (case study: Iran-Mashhad Razavi Hospital).International Journal of Marketing Studies,6(3),155.
18. Smith, P. C.,Forgione, D. A.(2007).Global outsourcing of healthcare: A medical tourism decision model.Journal of Information Technology Case and Application Research,9(3),19-30.
19. Thawesaengskulthai, N.,Wongrukmit, P.,Dahlgaard, J. J.(2015).Hospital service quality measurement models: Patients from Asia, Europe, Australia and America.Total Quality Management and Business Excellence,26(9-10),1029-1041.
20. World Health Organization. (2013). Medical Tourism. Retrieve from http://www.who.int/global_health_histories/seminars/kelley_presentation_medical_tourism.pdf
21. World Tourism Organization. (2017). Why tourism? Tourism - An economic and social phenomenon. Retrieved from http://www2.unwto.org/content/why-tourism
22. Yildiz, M. S.,Khan, M. M.(2016).Opportunities for reproductive tourism: Cost and quality advantages of turkey in the provision of invitro fertilization (ivf) services.BMC Health Services Research,16(1),378.
23. 吳明彥(2014)。臺灣醫療服務國際化的推動現況。醫療品質雜誌，8(4)，20-22。
24. 衛生福利部國際合作組(2018b)‧醫衛合作新南向專區‧取自https://dep.mohw.gov.tw/OOIC/lp-3963-119.html [Ministry of Health and Welfare International Cooperation Group. (2018b). Medical and health cooperation. Retrieved from https://dep.mohw.gov.tw/OOIC/lp-3963-119.html]
25. 衛生福利部國際合作組(2018a)‧新南向「醫衛合作與產業鏈發展」旗艦計畫‧取自https://dep.mohw.gov.tw/OOIC/cp-3919-40452-119.html. [Ministry of Health and Welfare International Cooperation Group. (2018a). New Southbound (Medical and health cooperation and industrial chain development) Community Admiral Empowerment Plan. Retrieved from https://dep.mohw.gov.tw/OOIC/cp-3919-40452-119.html]

1. 楊婉萍,馮明珠,陳彥旭,陳芳銘,李依鴻(2020)。從感染管制角度看國際醫療護理師的角色與功能。護理雜誌，67(3)，90-95。