The Populist Enigma in Taiwan:The Identification of Taiwan's Populist Supporters

台灣民粹主義之謎：辨認誰是台灣民粹主義支持者

10.6683/TPSR.202212_26(2).0005

Ziqian Wang(王子謙)；Yu-Tzung Chang(張佑宗)

Populism ； Taiwan ； Relative Deprivation ； Globalisation ； Nationalism ； 民粹主義 ； 台灣 ； 相對剝奪 ； 全球化 ； 民族主義

台灣政治學刊

26卷2期（2022 / 12 / 01）

235 - 286

英文;繁體中文

Taiwan's populism has drawn scholarly attention since the 1990s. However, the existence of populism at the mass level in Taiwan lacks rigorous conceptual scrutiny and empirical investigation. In this sense, this article explores two fundamental questions: (1) are there people with populist attitudes (populist voters) in Taiwan; and (2) if there are, which factors contribute to the development of populist attitudes at the individual level in Taiwan? The article conceptualises populism as a multi-dimensional construct and then proposes an eight-item populist attitudes scale to identify the populist supporters in Taiwan. Then, to profile these populist supporters, we perform a logistic regression analysis based on four hypotheses concerning the economic, cultural and nationalist aspects. The findings suggest that the subjective assessment and perception of the economy, as well as one's feeling of relative deprivation are significant predictors of an individual's populist attitudes. Meanwhile, the individual's objective socio-economic situation and attitudes toward globalisation and nationalism are not relevant in the context of Taiwan.

從1990年代以來，臺灣的民粹主義引起了學術界的關注。然而，民粹主義在臺灣社會存在的層面，卻缺乏嚴格的觀念審視及實證研究。從這個意義上講，本文探討了兩個基本問題：（1）台灣是否有民粹主義這種態度的人（民粹主義選民）；（2）如果有，哪些因素促成了台灣個別層面民粹主義態度的發展？本文將民粹主義概念視為一種多面向的建構，提出八項民粹主義態度量表，以識別臺灣的民粹主義支持者。然後，為了分析這些民粹主義支持者，我們根據有關經濟，文化和民族主義等方面提出四個假設進行邏輯回歸分析。研究結果表明，對經濟的主觀評估和感知，以及一個人的相對剝奪感，是民粹主義態度的重要解釋因素。同時，個人的客觀社會經濟狀況，以及對全球化和民族主義的態度，在台灣的背景下並無相關。

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