助詞における母音弱化―「が」、「と」、「で」の母音a, o, e 弱化研究

Vowel Reduction in Japanese Particles the Reduction of the vowels in Particles "ga", "de", and "to"

10.29736/DWRYJYSB.200901.0005

白井勢津子(Shirai Setsuko)

元音弱化 ； 持續時間 ； 虛詞 ； 共振峰 ； 中心化 ； 助詞 ； 普遍語法 ； 共振峰遷移 ； 縮短化 ； 日語 ； Vowel Reduction ； duration ； function words ； formants ； centralization ； Universal Grammar ； shortening ； Japanese

東吳日語教育學報

32期（2009 / 01 / 01）

111 - 140

日文

所謂的元音弱化指的是在會話中，機能語的元音的持續時間以及子音的共振峰遷移的縮短化的現象。此現象利用強弱重音的語言來觀測。在此論文，將會報告在高低重音的日語是否會發生元音弱化的研究結果。 根據前面所上述的持續時間的縮短化及共振峰遷移的縮短化有兩種現象。首先，關於持續時間方面，機能語的「が」與「と」在統計上比內容語短。第二，關於共振峰遷移方面，可以看到「が」的共振峰遷移縮短化。 日語雖然是高低重音語言，但也會觀察出和強弱重音語言一樣有元音弱化的情況發生。因此我認為，元音弱化是擔任普遍語法的一部分。 日語雖屬於高低重音語言，但也跟強弱重音語言一樣會有元音弱化的情況發生。因此我認為，元音弱化也是普遍語法的一部分。

Vowel reduction is the phenomena, in which the duration and the formant transition of vowels in function words shorten in conversations. The phenomena have been observed in stress-accent languages. In this paper, I will report the results of the research whether or not vowel reduction occurred in a pitch accent language, Japanese. As I mentioned before, vowel reduction has two phenomena: shortening of duration and shortening of formant transition. Firstly, the durations of function vowels (”ga” and ”to”) were shorter than content vowels. Secondly, ”a” in the particle ”ga” was more centralized than the corresponding ”a.” Thus, vowel reduction occurs in the Japanese language although the Japanese language was the pitch accent language. Therefore, the vowel reduction is the part of universal grammar.

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