小組立場、小組組成及文本特性對於學生論證生殖遺傳新聞之效應

The Effects of Group Stand-Point, Group Composition and Text Structure on Students' Argumentative Reasoning Based on News Articles

10.6173/CJSE.2010.1803.04

蔡佩穎(Pei-Ying Tsai)；張惠博(Huey-Por Chang)；林雅慧(Ya-Hui Lin)；張文華(Wen-Hua Chang)

小組討論 ； 小組組成 ； 科學素養 ； 科學新聞 ； 科學論證 ； Group Discussion ； Group Composition ； Science Literacy ； Science News Articles ； Science Argumentation

科學教育學刊

18卷3期（2010 / 06 / 01）

253 - 276

繁體中文

Using news articles in science instruction assists students in connecting science in school with science in life. Exploring the factors that influence students in forming value claims when they deal with various science news articles is of significance for developing scientific literacy and media literacy. Our research focused on using different reproduction/genetics news articles to study what stand-points and reasons seventh graders adopt when they read scientific news articles as well as how students' positions and argumentative reasoning were changed by small group discussion. The results indicated that more than 70% of seventh graders accepted the position presented in selected science news articles. The ”position before discussion” (p＜.001) and ”group composition” (p＜.05) significantly affected their position after group discussion. The structure of concept branches in the text of science news articles was another influencing factor. The research suggests that science teachers need to choose news materials carefully and develop pedagogies for cultivating students' critical literacy in reading media.

1. 黃俊儒(2008)。構思科技社會中的即時學習：以學生及專家對於科學新聞文本之理解差異爲例。科學教育學刊，16(1)，105-124。
   連結：
2. PISA國際評量計畫Q&A（2007）。臺北縣閱讀滿天星電子報。2008年9月16日，取自http://lll.tpc.edu.tw/epaper/?p。http://lll.tpc.edu.tw/epaper/?p=359
3. Alvermann, D. E.,Hynd, C. E.,Qian, G.(1995).Effects of interactive discussion and text type on learning counterintuitive science concepts.The Journal of Educational Research,88(3),146-154.
4. Bricker, L. A.,Bell, P.(2008).Conceptualizations of argumentation from science studies and the learning sciences and their implications for the practices of science education.Science Education,92(3),473-498.
5. Bybee, R. W.(1997).Achieving scientific literacy: From purposes to practice.Portsmouth, NH:Heinemann.
6. Carter, G.,Jones, M. G.(1994).Relationship between ability-paired interactions and the development of fifth graders' concepts of balance.Journal of Research in Science Teaching,31(8),847-856.
7. Dawes, L.(2004).Talk and learning in classroom science.International Journal of Science Education,26(6),677-695.
8. Derbentseva, N.,Safayeni, F.,Cañas, A. J.(2007).Concept maps: Experiments on dynamic thinking.Journal of Research in Science Teaching,44(3),448-465.
9. Dimopoulos, K.,Koulaidis, V.(2003).Science and technology education for citizenship: The potential role of the press.Science Education,87(2),241-256.
10. Driver, R.,Newton, P.,Osborne, J.(2000).Establishing the norms of scientific argumentation in classrooms.Science Education,84(3),287-312.
11. Duschl, R. A.,Osborne, J.(2002).Supporting and promoting argumentation discourse in science education.Studies in Science Education,38(1),39-72.
12. Elliott, P.(2006).Reviewing newspaper articles as a technique for enhancing the scientific literacy of student-teachers.International Journal of Science Education,28(11),1245-1265.
13. Erduran, S.,Simon, S.,Osborne, J.(2004).TAPping into argumentation: Developments in the application of Toulmin's Argument Pattern for studying science discourse.Science Education,88(6),915-933.
14. Gijlers, H.,de Jong, T.(2005).The relation between prior knowledge and students' collaborative discovery learning processes.Journal of Research in Science Teaching,42(3),264-282.
15. Glaser, R. E.,Carson, K. M.(2005).Chemistry is in the news: Taxonomy of authentic news media-based learning activities.International Journal of Science Education,27(9),1083-1098.
16. Halkia, K.,Mantzouridis, D.(2005).Students' views and attitudes towards the communication code used in press articles about science.International Journal of Science Education,27(12),1395-1411.
17. Hopper, S.,Hannafin, M. J.(1991).The effects of group composition on achievement, interaction, and learning efficiency during computer-based cooperative instruction.Educational Technology Research and Development,39(3),27-40.
18. Jarman, B.,McClune, B.(2001).Use the news: A study of secondary teachers' use of newspapers in the science classroom.Journal of Biological Education,35(2),69-74.
19. Jarman, R.,McClune, B.(2002).A survey of the use of newspapers in science instruction by secondary teachers in Northern Ireland.International Journal of Science Education,24(10),997-1020.
20. Jarman, R.,McClune, B.(2007).Developing scientific literacy: Using news media in the classroom.Birkshire, UK:Open University press.
21. Jiménez-Aleixandre, M. P.,Rodriguez, A. B.,Duschl, R. A.(2000)."Doing the lesson" or "doing science": Argument in high school genetics.Science Education,84(6),757-792.
22. Johnson, D. W.,Johnson, R.,Pierson, W. T.,Lyons, V.(1985).Controversy versus concurrence seeking in multi-grade and single-grade learning groups.Journal of Research in Science Teaching,22(9),835-848.
23. Keselman, A.,Kaufman, D. R.,Kramer, S.,Patel, V. L.(2007).Fostering conceptual change and critical reasoning about HIV and AIDS.Journal of Research in Science Teaching,44(6),844-863.
24. Kolstø, S. D.(2001).Scientific literacy for citizenship: Tools for dealing with the science dimension of controversial socioscientific issues.Science Education,85(3),291-310.
25. Korpan, C. A.,Bisanz, G. L.,Bisanz, J.,Henderson, J. M.(1997).Assessing literacy in science: Evaluation of scientific news briefs.Science Education,81(5),515-532.
26. Kuhn, D.,Shaw, V.,Felton, M.(1997).Effects of dyadic interaction on argumentative reasoning.Cognition and Instruction,15(3),287-315.
27. Kuhn, D.,Udell, W.(2003).The development of argument skills.Child Development,74(5),1245-1260.
28. Lawrenz, F.,Munch, T. W.(1984).The effect of grouping of laboratory students on selected educational outcomes.Journal of Research in Science Teaching,21(7),699-708.
29. National Research Council(1996).National science education standards.Washington, DC:National Academy Press.
30. Norris, S. P.,Phillips, L. M.(1994).Interpreting pragmatic meaning when reading popular reports of science.Journal of Research in Science Teaching,31(9),947-967.
31. Norris, S. P.,Phillips, L. M.(2003).How literacy in its fundamental sense is central to scientific literacy.Science Education,87(2),224-240.
32. Norris, S. P.,Phillips, L. M,Korpan, C. A.(2003).University students' interpretation of media reports of science and its relationship to background knowledge, interest, and reading difficulty.Public Understanding of Science,12(2),123-145.
33. Pellechia, M. G.(1997).Trends in science coverage: A content analysis of three US newspapers.Public Understanding of Science,6(1),49-68.
34. Phillips, L. M.,Norris, S. P.(1999).Interpreting popular reports of science: What happens when the reader's world meets the world on paper?.International Journal of Science Education,21(3),317-327.
35. Pifer, L. K.(1996).The development of young American adults' attitudes about the risks associated with nuclear power.Public Understanding of Science,5(2),135-155.
36. Ratcliffe, M.(1999).Evaluation of abilities in interpreting media reports of scientific research.International Journal of Science Education,21(10),1085-1099.
37. Saul, E. W.(Ed.)(2004).Crossing borders in literacy and science instruction: Perspectives on theory and practice.Arlington, VA:IRA Press.
38. Simon, S.,Erduran, S.,Osborne, J.(2006).Learning to teach argumentation: Research and development in the science classroom.International Journal of Science Education,28(2-3),235-260.
39. Slotte, V.,Lonka, K.(1999).Spontaneous concept maps aiding the understanding of scientific concepts.International Journal of Science Education,21(5),515-531.
40. Thompson, T. L.,Mintzes, J. J.(2002).Cognitive structure and the affective domain: On knowing and feeling in biology.International Journal of Science Education,24(6),645-660.
41. Toulmin, S. E.(2003).The uses of argument.Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press.
42. von Aufschnaiter, C.,Erduran, S.,Osborne, J.,Simon, S.(2008).Arguing to learn and learning to argue: Case studies of how students' argumentation relates to their scientific knowledge.Journal of Research in Science Teaching,45(1),101-131.
43. Webb, N. M.(1982).Group composition, group interaction, and achievement in cooperative small group.Journal of Educational Psychology,74(4),475-484.
44. Wellington, J.(1991).Newspaper science, school science: Friends or enemies?.International Journal of Science Education,13(4),363-372.
45. Yore, L. D.,Bisanz, G. L.,Hand, B. M.(2003).Examining the literacy component of science literacy: 25 years of language arts and science research.International Journal of Science Education,25(6),689-752.
46. Zohar, A.,,Nemet, F.(2002).Fostering student's knowledge and argumentation skills through dilemmas in human genetics.Journal of Research in Science Teaching,39(1),35-62.
47. 張鈿富(2006)。基本能力評量跨國發展經驗之比較研究。臺北市:國立教育資料館。
48. 教育部(2006)。國民中小學九年一貫課程綱要—自然與生活科技學習領域。臺北市:行政院教育部。
49. 葉玉珠(2003)。批判思考測驗—第一級。臺北市:心理。

1. 潘怡如、陳雅君、林煥祥(2018)。以科學新聞融入教學提升中學生自我效能及論證能力之探討。科學教育學刊，26(1)，71-96。