以概念演化樹探討跨年級學生理想氣體心智模式之發展歷程

Investigating Students' Mental Models of Ideal Gas across Grade Levels via the Conceptual Evolutionary Approach

10.6173/CJSE.2013.2102.01

邱美虹(Mei-Hung Chiu)；吳文龍(Wen-Lung Wu)；鍾曉蘭(Shiao-Lan Chung)；李雪碧(Hsueh-Pi Li)

心智模式 ； 支序學 ； 系統發育分類學 ； 理想氣體定律 ； 概念演化樹 ； Mental Model ； Cladistics ； Phylogenetic Classification ； Ideal Gas Law ； Conceptual Evolutionary Tree

科學教育學刊

21卷2期（2013 / 06 / 01）

135 - 162

繁體中文

本研究以問卷調查跨年級學生理想氣體概念發展狀況，並利用系統發育分類學（或支序學）方法建立學生概念演化樹，以探討學生理想氣體概念發展的可能歷程。本研究之研究對象為大臺北地區七到十二年級國、高中學生，總人數為646人。本研究有三項研究目的：一、調查跨年級學生理想氣體概念分布；二、透過文獻分析將學生常見之心智模式進行分類及編碼，以系統分類學方法找出概念演化樹；三、比較前述兩項研究結果，建立可能的概念發展路徑。本研究計有三項研究工具，分別為「理想氣體概念編碼工具」：包含13個認知特徵及8種的認知狀態；「理想氣體測驗」：目的為找出跨年級學生認知特徵分布比例；「系統分類學統計軟體PAUP 4.0」：為廣泛運用於系統演化學的統計分析軟體。研究結果顯示概念演化樹43中有兩個發展階段包含粒子本身的特性及粒子間的交互作用，所呈現的概念演化歷程符合相關氣體粒子文獻的發展研究，且對實徵的跨年級概念調查結果也具有相當的解釋力。由概念發展的歷程來看有許多關鍵的概念發展點（包含粒子觀、剛性粒子、隨機運動與分布及粒子間交互作用），其概念容易被學生誤解而發展成不正確的概念。藉由本研究之概念演化樹可提供教師瞭解學生概念發展的歷程，以作為教學和撰寫教科書之參考。

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