以理性行為論探討影響愛滋病毒感染高危險群保險套使用的相關因素

Investigation of Condom Use Intention among People at High Risk for HIV Infection by the Theory of Reasoned Action

10.6320/FJM.2006.10(1).02

莊小玲(Hsiao-Ling Chuang)；郭青萍(Ching-Pyng Kuo)；劉恩琪(En-Chi Jiu)；葉昭幸(Chao-Hsing Yeh)

理性行為論 ； 愛滋病毒感染 ； 高危險群 ； 保險套使用 ； 行為意向 ； Theory of Reasoned Action ； HIV infection ； high risk people ； condom use intention

台灣醫學

10卷1期（2006 / 01 / 01）

10 - 19

繁體中文

本研究運用理性行為論(Theory of Reasoned Action)，探討影響愛滋病毒感染高危險群保險套使用的相關因素。研究對象為主動至衛生署指定的北台灣三家愛滋病毒感染篩檢醫院接受篩檢的274名個案，以結構式的問卷，訪詢個案關於愛滋病毒感染相關知識、態度、行為信念、主觀規範及保險套使用的行為意向。研究結果發現：個案保險套使用之行為意向與性別、第一次性行為是否使用保險套、第一次性行為的年齡及主觀規範之間的相關，達到統計上的顯著水準，而第一次性行為是否使用保險套、第一次性行為的年齡、過去使用保險套的情形及主觀規範可顯著預測未來有性行為時使用保險套的可能性。根據研究結果推測過去衛生教育無法改變愛滋病毒感染高危險群的行為意向以提高保險套的使用情形，可能是因為僅強調知識的教導，但並未針對形成態度的信念加以改變，且忽略父母對青少年使用保險套與否的影響力，因此建議今後之教育計劃除應加強知識的教導外，還需特別著重在態度信念的改變，及將父母納入教育對象以增加主觀規範的效果。

Based on the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), a cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate related factors of condom use intention among people who are in high risk of getting HIV infection in Taiwan. A total of 274 subjects who voluntarily went to hospital for HIV infection screen tests participated in this study. The findings showed that females had less condom use intention than male subjects did in this study. Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of condom use intention. Results showed that condom use in the first sexual behavior, age of first intercourse, prior experience of condom use and subjective norms were significantly associated with condom use intention. Gender was not related to condom use intention. These findings suggested that future intervention programs should not only focus on the attitude about condom use, but also need to consider the effects of subjective norms on individual's intention of condom use. In summary, the TRA provides a useful conceptual framework for interventions to change a key HIV infection risk behavior among Taiwan.