產婦及其配偶之產後憂鬱與壓力

Depression and Stress of Women and Their Spouses During the Postpartum Period

10.6320/FJM.202203_26(2).0002

陳美伶(Mei-Ling Chen)；張秀如(Shiow-Ru Chang)

產後憂鬱 ； 壓力 ； 產婦 ； 配偶 ； postpartum depression ； stress ； postpartum women ； spouses

台灣醫學

26卷2期（2022 / 03 / 25）

143 - 149

繁體中文

本研究為探討產婦及其配偶於產後期間憂鬱與壓力之變化，以及夫妻間憂鬱與壓力之相關性。參與者為來自東部某區域醫院之產後婦女及其配偶，共116對夫妻參與。以臺灣版愛丁堡產後憂鬱量表和壓力知覺量表來評估產婦及其配偶於產後住院期間、產後1個月和2個月之憂鬱症狀與壓力程度。結果顯示，在產後住院期間到產後1個月，為婦女產後憂鬱症狀和配偶壓力程度的高峰期，於產後2個月時，婦女的憂鬱程度顯著下降，配偶則是在壓力程度有顯著下降。產後期間，相較於產婦無憂鬱症狀之配偶，產婦有憂鬱症狀的配偶，其憂鬱平均分數明顯較高，且產婦及其配偶之憂鬱程度呈正相關；在產後1個月和2個月，產婦及其配偶之壓力程度亦呈正相關。此結果可做為健康照護者在提供婦女產後期照護時，能同時關注其配偶之心理健康狀態與照護需求，在以家庭為中心之概念下，提供家庭所需的照護服務。

This study aims to examine changes and relationships between depressive symptoms and stress level in women and their spouses during the postpartum period. For this purpose, 116 postpartum women from a regional hospital in eastern Taiwan and their spouses were recruited in the study. The Taiwanese versions of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Perceived Stress Scale were used to assess the depressive symptoms and stress levels of the women and their spouses during the postpartum hospitalization period and at one and two months postpartum, respectively. Results indicated that the women's depressive symptoms and their spouses' stress level were the highest from postpartum hospitalization period to one month postpartum and decreased significantly at two months postpartum. During the postpartum period, the mean depression score of the spouses of postpartum women with depressive symptoms was significantly higher than that of the spouses of postpartum women without depressive symptoms, and the depression levels of the women and their spouses were positively correlated;, their stress levels were also positively correlated at one and two months postpartum. These results remind healthcare providers to pay attention to the mental health and needs of spouses while administering postpartum care to women, and to provide the services required by families under the family-centered care concept.

1. Ierardi E, Ferro V, Trovato A, et al. Maternal and paternal depression and anxiety: their relationship with mother-infant interactions at 3 months. Arch Womens Ment Health 2019; 22: 527-33.
   連結：
2. Top ED, Cetisli NE, Guclu S, et al. Paternal depression rates in prenatal and postpartum periods and affecting factors. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2016;30:747-52.
   連結：
3. Garthus-Niegel S, Staudt A, Kinser P, et al. Predictors and changes in paternal perinatal depression profiles–insights from the DREAM study. Front Psychiatry 2020;11:563761.
   連結：
4. Leung BMY, Letourneau NL, Giesbrecht GF, et al. Predictors of postpartum depression in partnered mothers and fathers from a longitudinal cohort. Community Ment Health J 2017;53:420-31.
   連結：
5. Lutkiewicz K, Bieleninik Ł, Cieślak M, et al. Maternal–infant bonding and its relationships with maternal depressive symptoms, stress and anxiety in the early postpartum period in a Polish sample. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020;17:5427.
   連結：
6. Stevens M. Preventing at-risk children from developing antisocial and criminal behaviour: a longitudinal study examining the role of parenting, community and societal factors in middle childhood. BMC Psychol 2018;6:40.
   連結：
7. Aspera MM, Halléna N, Lindbergb L, et al. Screening fathers for postpartum depression can be cost-effective: an example from Sweden. J Affect Disord 2018;241:154-63.
   連結：
8. Glasser S, Lerner-Geva L. Focus on fathers: paternal depression in the perinatal period. Perspect Public Health 2019;139:195-8.
   連結：
9. Mayers A, Hambidge S, Bryant O, et al. Supporting women who develop poor postnatal mental health: what support do fathers receive to support their partner and their own mental health?. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020;20:359.
   連結：
10. Giallo R, D’Esposito F, Cooklin A, et al. Psychosocial risk factors associated with fathers’ mental health in the postnatal period: results from a population-based study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2013;48:563-73.
    連結：
11. Liu G, Liang KY. Sample size calculations for studies with correlated observations. Biometrics 1997;53:937-47.
    連結：
12. Lai PY, Tang KL, T.S. Lee TS, et al. Detecting postnatal depression in Chinese men: a comparison of three instruments. Psychiatry Res 2010;180:80-5.
    連結：
13. Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav 1983;24:385-96.
    連結：
14. 初麗娟、高尚仁：壓力知覺對負面心理健康影響：靜坐經驗、情緒智能調節效果之探討。中華心理學刊 2005;47:157-79。
    連結：
15. Chen YH, Huang JP, Au HK, et al. High risk of depression, anxiety, and poor quality of life among experienced fathers, but not mothers: a prospective longitudinal study. J Affect Disord 2019;242:39-47.
    連結：
16. Lin WC, Chang SY, Chen YT, et al. Postnatal paternal involvement and maternal emotional disturbances: the effect of maternal employment status. J Affect Disord 2017; 219:9-16.
    連結：
17. Nishimura A, Ohashi K. Risk factors of paternal depression in the early postnatal period in Japan. Nurs Health Sci 2010;12:170-6.
    連結：
18. Da Costa D, Danieli C, Abrahamowicz M, et al. A prospective study of postnatal depressive symptoms and associated risk factors in first-time fathers. J Affect Disord 2019;249:371-7.
    連結：
19. Nishimura A, Fujita Y, Katsuta M, et al. Paternal postnatal depression in Japan: an investigation of correlated factors including relationship with a partner. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2015;15:128.
    連結：
20. Gutierrez-Galve L, Stein A, Haninǵton L, et al. Paternal depression in the postnatal period and child development: mediators and moderators. Pediatr 2016;135:e339-47.
    連結：
21. Edoka IP, Petrou, S, Ramchandani PG. Healthcare costs of paternal depression in the postnatal period. J Affect Disord 2011;133:356-60.
    連結：
22. Asper MM, Hallén N, Lindberg L, et al. Screening fathers for postpartum depression can be cost-effective: an example from Sweden. J Affect Disord 2018;241:154-63.
    連結：
23. World Health Organization: Depression. 2020. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression./ Accessed March 15, 2021.
24. Cox JL, Holden JM, Sagovsky R. Detection of postnatal depression: development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Br J Psychiatry 1987;150:782-6.
25. Heh SS. Validation of the Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale: detecting postnatal depression in Taiwanese women. Nurs Res 2001;9:105-13.