青少年音樂態度兩性差異及性別角色音色之探討

Study of Sex Differences and Sex Roles in Musical Attitude of Adolescence

10.7044/JNHCTC.200406.0363

蘇郁惠(Yu-Huei Su)

青少年 ； 音樂態度 ； 兩性差異 ； 性別角色 ； adolescence ； musical attitude ； sex differences ； sex role

新竹師院學報

18期（2004 / 06 / 01）

363 - 386

繁體中文

本研究探討青少年兩系音樂態度之差異，並比較不同性別角色青少年間的音樂度差異。本研究採問卷調查法，選取北部底區之21所國中及21所高中，採叢及抽樣法，樣本數總計1706人。本研究工具有二，一為研究者自編「青少年音樂態度調查表」，問卷經內部一致性檢定Cronbachα直達.85。本音樂態度量表調查青少年之學校音樂文化認同、流行音樂文化認同及音樂行為自我意象，並調查父母音樂態度、同儕及科技媒體等相關因素對青少年音樂態度之影響。另一研究工具位國內學者林邦傑修訂之「性別角色量表」，藉此設量青少年之性別角色區分為男性化、女性化、兩性話，未發化等四種性別角色。研究結果支持假設:青少年的音樂態度呈現兩性差異。普遍而言，女性普遍高於男性，尤其是在音樂行為自我意象、學校音樂文化認同上，男女差異更為明顯，而男女性的父母音樂態度差異亦極為向度得分最低、兩性化者得分較高；男性化與女性化除了其父母音樂態度有所差異外，其他各向度並無險著差異。本研究最後強調音樂教育兩性平等的重要性，並建議奸商具體策略以破除性別角色刻版印像對音樂學習的不利影響。

In this study, the purpose is to investigate the sex differences of adolescent musical attitude, and compare among their different sex roles. In this study, a survey to 21 junior high and 21 high schools by cluster sampling was performed to include 1706 students in the end for statistics. An Adolescent Music Learning Behavior Questionnaire which was developed by author was used as the major tool for the survey. The internal consistency test was high with Cronbach α.85.Categories of music learning factors including school musical culture identity, popular music culture identity, self image of musical behavior, parents’ attitude to music, peer group and media effect were included in the questionnaire. The authors chose Lin’s sex role inventory as criteria for adolescent’s sex role, which classifies sex roles into masculine, feminine, androgynous, and undifferentiated. The result of this study revealed the significant sex difference of adolescent’s music behavior. Female adolescence has higher scores in all categories especially for self image, school music culture and parent’s attitude. In different sex role, the undifferentiated has the lowest scores of the music behavior, and the androgynous has the highest. There was no significant difference between masculine and feminine type except parents’ attitude. In this study the importance of sex equality in music education is emphasized and the author suggests further study for strategy to remove the barrier for music learning by a旺’ecting factors of sex role.

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