唐君毅先生論春秋經傳

T'ang Chun-I's Discourse on the Chunqiu (Spring and Autumn Annals) and on Its Commentaries

10.29624/CHJH.200711.0005

黃兆強(Siu-Keung Wong)

唐君毅 ； 春秋 ； 三傳 ； 左氏傳 ； 公羊傳 ； 穀梁傳 ； T'ang Chun-I ； The Chunqiu ； The three commentaries ； The commentary of Zuo ； The commentary of Gongyang ； The commentary of Guliang

興大歷史學報

19期（2007 / 11 / 01）

155 - 176

繁體中文

《春秋》及《三傳》的問題，歷來聚眾紛紜，莫衷一是。《春秋》一書的性質、作者是誰、孔子是編者抑作者、其中是否有所謂微言大義、孔子是否以一字定褒貶等等問題，在不同程度上，都可說是學術上的公案。至於《三傳》，亦有所謂作者問題、成書先後或寫定先後問題、流傳問題、所作之解釋符合孔子的原意或只是《三傳》作者個人的意見、《三傳》解經的方向及態度是否時代大環境下的產物、《左氏》傳經與否等等的問題，都是迄今未能完全定案的。 唐君毅先生並不是研究《春秋》及《三傳》的專家，是以對上述所開列的問題並沒有全面予以疏析解答。然而，在其鉅著《中國哲學原論•原道》卷二，〈春秋學中之對善惡是非之褒貶之道〉的一章中，對上開若干問題仍有所回應，且其回應深具慧解，勝義紛陳，其中針對《三傳》評論史事之態度，以至史評之不同型態等等問題的論述，尤具特色。是以筆者不揣譾陋，竭力闡述文中相關旨趣，並藉以弘揚師說。 下文擬分三部份述說之：（一）《春秋》一書的性質；（二）《春秋三傳》的性質、異同及其成書的先後；（三）《春秋三傳》史評異同。

The issue of The Chunqiu, such as its nature, its authorship, whether Confucius is its writer or just its compiler, the question whether it carries some implicit meanings , the question of praise and blame by means of just a word or a few words and other questions, has long been controversial. As regarding the three commentaries on The Chunqiu, the issue is no less controversial. The question of their authorship, the question concerning which commentary was written first and which was last, the history of their transmission, their interpretations accord or not with The Chunqiu, whether one of the commentaries, the one attributed to Mr. Zuo, was really a commentary on The Chunqiu as well as other questions are far from being settled. Professor T'ang Chun-I is not an expert on The Chunqiu nor on its commentaries; hence no thorough solutions to the above mentioned questions. However, Professor T'ang on his work entitled On the Chinese Philosophy-On the Dao, has well treated the The Praise and Blame issue and other issues regarding The Chunqiu and its commentaries, especially the issue concerning the criticism on historical events by the three commentaries. The author of the present paper is of the opinion that Professor T'ang's ideas and interpretations are very interesting and enlightening, hence the present paper. The paper includes three parts: (1)The nature of The Chunqiu (2)The nature and the time sequence of the compilation of the three commentaries as well as the similarities and differences among the three commentaries (3)The criticism on historical events by the three commentaries

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