题名 |
被遺忘的居住正義-1920年代臺北市的住宅市場及社會影響 |
并列篇名 |
The Forgotten Adequate Housing-Housing market, policies and issues in Taipei City in the 1920s |
作者 |
鄧宏旭(Teng Hung Hsu) |
关键词 |
日治時期 ; 臺北市 ; 住宅市場 ; 住宅問題 ; 住宅政策 ; Japanese Occupation Period ; Housing Market ; Housing Policy ; Housing Issue |
期刊名称 |
興大歷史學報 |
卷期/出版年月 |
36期(2022 / 06 / 01) |
页次 |
1 - 35 |
内容语文 |
繁體中文;英文 |
中文摘要 |
近年以「居住正義」口號為核心的住宅市場與問題受到重視,在臺灣可追朔至日治時期,本文以1920年代的臺北市為例,討論日治時期的都市住宅市場及社會影響。日治時期臺北市因總督府的有效治理之下,都市人口逐漸增加,卻因官方宿舍政策的消極、不動產業者的囤地歪風、建築成本大增使得新建住宅不足等,使得1920年代產生嚴重住宅不足問題,進而使房租快速上漲,高額的房租甚至可足以與日本本土大都會比擬,造成當時居民的普遍不滿。政府當時雖然提出住宅政策,但對解決住宅不足問題的效果有限。住宅市場的惡化使得低收入的市民成為最大的受害者,除了被迫住在衛生不良與危險的住宅外,甚至形成多戶同居的現象,容易形成衛生與治安問題。住宅市場惡化產生許多住宅爭議,而房客因缺乏法令保護而經常成為弱勢。1929年起的不景氣,使得住宅問題與社會運動結合,形成房租減低運動,並成立「借家人組合」,並提出房租降低、打倒惡房東、廢止押金、住宅法令施行於臺灣等運動訴求。住宅問題使得當時報章雜誌省思住宅對家庭、衛生與社會的重要性,並認為政府對於住宅問題的解決負有責任,如今「居住正義」成為社會口號下,值得政府與社會重新思考住宅問題的重要性。 |
英文摘要 |
Housing market and related issues about Adequate Housing have drawn some attention in recent years. Those issues could be traced back to the Japanese occupation period. This article is devoted to explore the housing market in the urban area and social impact of Taipei City in the 1920s. Because of outstanding governance from the Office of Taiwan Governor-General, the population in the urban area of Taipei City had progressively increased. However, the negativity of governmental dormitory policy, the twisted situation of land reserving in real estate business, and insufficiency of new buildings that was caused by the increase of construction cost resulted in serious housing shortages in the 1920s, and further hiked the rents up drastically. The sky-high rents were even level with those in big cities in Japan, and finally induced backlashes from local residents. Taiwan government tried to introduce some housing policies to alleviate housing shortages but the effect fell short. The deterioration of the housing market had made low-income residents the biggest victims. They were not only forced to live in poor and dangerous buildings but also had to live a co-living life with others (so call "multifamily"), gradually they became the loopholes of health and security in society. The deterioration of the housing market also caused controversies between landlords and tenants, and tenants tended to become the underprivileged ones due to the lack of the protection of laws. Recession from 1929 prompted the cohesion of housing issues and social movements, and the cohesion further resulted in rent reduction. Residents made appeals such as rental deduction, protestation against dishonest landlords, abrogation of rental deposit and implementation of housing laws. Housing issues finally gained public attention and residents thought that government was accountable for solving these problems. Nowadays Adequate Housing is headlining and our government needs to think about the importance of it in our society. |
主题分类 |
人文學 >
歷史學 |
参考文献 |
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