結果論及其生命倫理應用

Consequentialism and Its Application to Bioethics

10.6145/jme.200403_8(1).0002

蔡甫昌(Daniel Fu-Chang Tsai)；曾瑾珮(Chin-Pei Tsen)；呂碧鴻(Bee-Horng Lue)

結果論 ； 效益主義 ； 生命倫理 ； 醫學倫理 ； 品質調整後的存活年 ； consequentialism ； utilitarianism ； bioethics ； medical ethics ； quality adjusted life year ； QALY

Journal of Medical Education

8卷1期（2004 / 03 / 01）

3 - 17

繁體中文

本文針對基本倫理學理論中之結果主義介紹其「定義」、「理論及派別」、「批評與辯護」，並藉案例及「品質調整後的存活年(Quality Adjusted Life Years-QALYs)」理論之說明與討論，作為結果論之生命倫理應用的參考範例，最後並提出操作法則。作者期望藉此理論之介紹，呈現一重要的倫理學思維方法並其應用於生命倫理範疇之可能形式及操作法則，希望有助於醫學生及醫護人員思考臨床醫學倫理問題時之參考。

This paper introduces the definitions, theories, schools, criticisms, and debates of consequentialism and utilitarianism. Two cases and theory of “quality adjusted life year (QALYs)” have been proposed as examples for demonstrating the application of consequentialism and utilitarianism in bioethics. A concise working formula for consequentialism is also presented. It is hoped that this paper will be a useful reference for medical students and health care professionals for their understanding of an important ethical theory and be helpful for their clinical ethical reasoning. (Full text in Chinese)

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