Integrating Complementary Alternative Medicine into Nursing Education in Taiwan

整合另類療法於台灣護理教育的趨勢及重要性

10.6145/jme.200709_11(3).0001

湯麗君(Li-Chun Tang)；蔡長書(Chang-Shu Tsai)；蔡宗宏(Chung-Hung Tsai)

另類療法 ； 正統醫學 ； 傳統中醫 ； 護理教育 ； Complementary Alternative Medicine CAM ； rthodox ； traditional Chinese medicine ； nursing education

Journal of Medical Education

11卷3期（2007 / 09 / 01）

183 - 192

英文

根據近年文獻顯示，另類療法在全美及世界各國普遍被一般社會大眾及醫護人員所接受，它的需求與使用率亦逐年成長。然而，臨床醫護人員普遍對這些所謂非主流的另類療法仍然缺乏足夠認知，也無法提供社會大眾及病患有效及安全的護理健康教育。因此，如何因應世界健康潮流與趨勢，並防止可避免之反作用發生，實際上是現階段及未來所有醫護人員所要面臨的一大挑戰。本文中闡述整合另類療法於護理教育中的需求，以提供符合民眾之意願、文化、信仰、及健康哲學之健康教育及護理的重要性。文中論述之支持觀點包括，另類療法使用的普遍性增加、主流醫學結合另類療法於醫學教育與臨床的趨勢、另類療法於社會各階層的接受度、政府衛生醫療主管機關立法的趨勢、醫護教育融入另類療法特色課程與教學目標等。作者並於文章中由幾個面向，包含世界健康潮流的角度，大眾尋求另類療法的動機及看法，醫護人員普遍對另類療法的認知及挑戰，尤其科學實證方面，如傳統中醫學，以及世界各國醫療組織對於另類療法的支持等，來探討整合另類療法於台灣護理教育的趨勢及其重要性。

The growing use and practice of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by the general public and health professionals in the United States and other countries has received significant attention from health care educators. Inadequate educational preparation and training in CAM for health care professionals may jeopardize the well-being of clients. Integration of CAM into nursing curricula is needed for the following reasons: (1) the growing interest in and use of CAM by the general public and health care professionals; (2) the incorporation of CAM into medical curricula and standard practice; (3) greater acceptance of the legitimacy of CAM; (4) the incorporation of cultural sensitivity and cultural competence as goals in nursing education. In this article the author explores the trends and importance of integrating complementary alternative medicine into nursing education in Taiwan from the perspectives of prevalence, motivation, the attitudes of clients and health care providers toward CAM, the challenges for nursing practice, and scientific evidence and support from health organizations.

1. Astin JA(1998).Why patients use alternative medicine: Results of a national study.JAMA,279,1548-1553.
2. Astin JA,Marie A,Pelletier KR(1998).A review of the incorporation of complementary and alternative medicine by mainstream physicians.Arch Fam Med,158,2303-2310.
3. Barrett B,Marchand L,Scheder J(2000).Bridging the gap between conventional and alternative medicine.J Fam Practice,49,234-239.
4. Bensoussan A,Myers SP,Carlton AL(2000).Risks associated with the practice of traditional Chinese medicine.Arch Fam Med,9,1071-1078.
5. Berman BM,Singh BB,Hartnoll SM(1998).Primary care physicians and complementary alternative medicine: training, attitudes, and practice patterns.J Am Board Fam Pract,11,272-281.
6. Berman BM,Singh BK,Lao L(1995).Physicians` attitude toward complementary or lternative medicine: A regional survey.J Am Board Fam Pract,8,361-366.
7. Berrey AL,White KR(2000).Searching for the new medicine.AJN,100,45.
8. Campbell P(1998).Integrative therapies: A review paradigm for emergency nursing.J Emerg Nurs,24,478-481.
9. Cassidy CM,Micozzi MS (eds.)(1996).Fundamental of Complementary and Alternative Medicine.New York:Churchill Livingstone.
10. Cook CA,Becvar DS,Pontious SL(2000).Complementary alternative medicine in health and mental health: Implications for social work practice.Soc Work Health Care,31,39-57.
11. Cooper JE(2000).Is complementary medicine filling needs that could be met by orthodox medicine?.Unmet Need in Psychiatry: Problems, Resources, Responses,444,172-192.
12. Cornman BJ,Carr CA,Heitkemper MM(2006).Integrating CAM into nursing curricula: CAM as an educational intervention.Explore,2,226-231.
13. Davies J(2000).Going in feet first.Nurs stand,14,22.
14. Dossey B(1998).Holistic modalities and healing moments.Am J Nurs,98,44-47.
15. Duffy N,Foster CD,Kuiper R(1995).Planning nursing education for the 21st century.Am J Nurs,21,772-777.
16. Dutta AP,Bwayo S,Xue Z(2003).Complementary and alternative medicine instruction in nursing curricula.J Natl Black Nurses Assoc,14,30-33.
17. Eisenberg DM(1997).Advising patients who seek alternative medicine therapies.Ann Inter Med,12,61-69.
18. Engebretson J(1997).A multiparadigm approach to nursing.Adv Nurs Sci,20,21-33.
19. Ernst E(1999).Prevalence of complementary/alternative medicine for children: a systematic review.Eur J Pediatr,158,7-11.
20. Ernst E(2000).The role of complementary and alternative medicine.Br Med J,321,1133-1135.
21. Ernst E,Rand JI,Stevinson C(1998).Compelmentary therapies for depression: An overview.Arch Gen Psychiatry,55,1026-1032.
22. Fenton MV,Morris D(2003).The integration of holistic nursing practices and complementary and alternative modalities into curricula of school of nursing.Altern Ther Health M,9,62.
23. Giordano J,Boatwright D,Stapleton S(2002).Blending the boundaries: steps toward an integration of complementary and alternative medicine into mainstream practice.J Altern Complement Med,8,897-906.
24. Harmon D,RyanM,Kelly A(2001).Acupuncture and prevention of nausea and vomiting during and after spinal anesthesia for cesarean section.Obstet Gynecol Surv,56,10-11.
25. Hodgson H(2000).Does reflexology impact on cancer patients` quality of life?.Nurs stand,14,33-38.
26. Jewell CE(1997).Alternative therapies.Image J Nurs Sch,29,108.
27. Lee A,Done NL(1999).The use of nonpharmacologic techniques to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting.A Meta-analysis. Anesth Analg,88,1362-1369.
28. Melland HI,Clayburgh TL(2000).Complementary therapies: introduction into a nursing curriculum.N Educator,25,247-250.
29. Pepa CA,Russell CA(2000).Introducing complementary/alternative strategies in a Baccalaureate curriculum.Nurs Health Care Perspect,21,127-129.
30. Reed FC,Pettigrew AC,King MO(2000).Alternative and complementary therapies in nursing curricula.J Nurs Educ,39,133-138.
31. Ruggie M(2005).Mainstreaming complementary therapies: new directions in health care.Health Aff,24,980-990.
32. Sok SR,Erlen JA,Kim KB(2004).Complementary and alternative therapies in nursing curricula: A new direction for nurse educators.J Nurs Educ,43,401-406.
33. Vickers A(1999).Evidence-based medicine and complementary medicine.Br Med J,2,102-103.
34. Vickers A(2000).Recent advances: Complementary medicine.Br Med J,321,683-686.
35. Wang SM,Kain ZN(2001).Auricular acupuncture: A potential treatment for anxiety.Anesth Analg,92,548-553.
36. Wetzel MS,Eisenberg DM,Kaptchuk TJ(1998).Courses involving complementary and alternative medicine at US medical schools.JAMA,280,784-787.
37. White KP(2000).Psychology and complementary and alternative medicine.Prof Psychol-Res Pr,31,671-681.
38. Winslow L,Mladenovic J(1998).Physician attitudes toward alternative medicine.J Gen Intern Med,13,71.
39. Zahourek R(2000).Alternative, complementary, or integrative approaches to treating depression.J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc,6,77-86.
40. Ziment I(1998).Eastern` alternative medicine: what you need to know.J Resp Disease,19,630-637.
41. Zollman C,Vickers A(1999).ABC of complementary medicine: Users and practitioners of complementary medicine.Br Med J,319,836-838.

1. 歐湘鳳,劉雅燕,翁御靜,洪富如,林資諺(2023)。提升護理師執行產後乳房穴位刮痧的完整率。榮總護理，40(3)，313-321。