大體解剖學教學的發展與演變

The Development and Evolution of Gross Anatomy Teaching

10.6145/jme.200806_12(2).0001

陳榮邦(Wing P. Chan)；馮琮涵(Tsorng-Harn Fong)；謝銘勳(Ming-Shium Hsieh)；曾啟瑞(Chii-Ruey Tzeng)

解剖學 ； 課程 ； 解剖實作 ； 醫學教育 ； anatomy ； curriculum ； dissection ； medical education

Journal of Medical Education

12卷2期（2008 / 06 / 01）

59 - 69

繁體中文

自從Hippocrates以科學的態度開啟了世人對人體構造的了解，多個世紀以來，大體解剖學課程已是醫學教育的核心。近年來由於科技的進步，傳統以大體為基礎的解剖課漸漸地被新的教學工具－模型與動畫所取代，這不僅是一場傳統與新科技的教學方法之爭，亦是醫學教育核心價值之爭。將來的醫學院會採用「先進且多元的技術」取代「讓人學習尊重生命的大體老師」？抑或繼續保留「大體老師」為醫學教育的根源與傳統？本文從解剖學的發展、解剖學課程的演變，以及近年來對解剖學課程提出正反觀點的相關文獻進行整理與探討，提供讀者不同的思維。

Since Hippocrates introduced the scientific method to aid our understanding of the structure of the human body, gross anatomy has remained the quintessence and heart of medical education. In recent years, as a result of progress in science together with improvements in computer technology, the tradition of an anatomical dissection class has been gradually replaced by a number of new teaching tools, namely models and 3D animations. This has resulted in a struggle between the traditional teaching approach and the new teaching methods, which has created a debate about the core values of medical education. This debate has opened up the question as to whether, in the near future, various medical schools will be able to substitute ”advances in multi-dimensional technology” for ”learn to respect life from the study of human cadavers”; furthermore, will medical schools retain ”gross anatomy dissection” as the root and tradition of medical education. This article describes the development and evolution of gross anatomy teaching. We try to collect and discuss the various different viewpoints that are found in the literature, and provide a diverse range of thoughts on human gross anatomy and medical education for the readers.

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