青少年自殺危險因子之後設分析

A Meta-analysis on Risk Factors in Adolescent Suicide

10.29478/TJP.200712.0005

吳純儀(Chun-Yi Wu)；顏正芳(Cheng-Fang Yen)；余麗樺(Li-Fa Yu)

青少年自殺 ； 危險因子 ； 後設分析 ； adolescent suicide ； youth suicide ； risk factor ； meta-analysis

台灣精神醫學

21卷4期（2007 / 12 / 01）

271 - 281

繁體中文

目的：以後設分析技術，探討青少年自殺行為與不同危險因子向度間的關連程度。方法：收集國內2005年7月以前關於青少年自殺議題之期刊論文與博碩士論文28篇，和國外1995年至2005年5月來自「PsycINFO」、「SocioFile」等資料庫之期刊文獻167篇，總共195篇研究文獻進行分析。探討的自殺行為包含：整體自殺行為、自殺意念、自殺企圖；危險因子則分為：整體傷害史、心理疾患、情緒、認知、行為、人格特質、家庭結構、家庭功能、學校問題、壓力與社會支持等向度，分析青少年自殺行為與各危險因子向度間的關連程度。結果：青少年自殺與不同危險因子向度間皆存在不同程度的關連性；其中情緒向度與整體自殺行為、自殺意念與自殺企圖等自殺類型皆有高關連性存在。結論：本研究為青少年自殺危險因子的探究提供一多向度輪廓，可作為未來自殺研究和防治工作之參考。

Objectives: This study examined the relationships between adolescent suicide and risk factors. Methods: The meta-analysis technique was adopted to analyze 195 journal articles, theses and dissertations on adolescent suicide issues. Of these reviewed materials, 167 journal articles published abroad between January 1995 and May 2005 were retrieved from PsycTNFO and SocioFile computerized databases. Only 28 journal articles, theses and dissertations written by Taiwanese researchers before July 2005 were retrieved. In this study, suicidal behavior was categorized into four types: suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, suicide completion and suicidal risk. Risk factors were divided into eleven dimensions: history of psychological trauma, mental illness, affect, cognition, behavior, personality trait, family structure, family function, school problems, stress and social support. Results: Various degrees of relationship existed between adolescent suicide and the different risk factor dimensions. The affective risk factor dimension had strong relationships with overall suicidal behavior, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt. Conclusions: This study provides a multidimensional overview on risk factors in adolescent suicide and proposes a direction for future suicide research, assessment and intervention.

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