Parenting and Children of Alcoholics

酒精成癮患者之親職教養

10.29478/TJP.200909.0002

陳抱寰(Pao-Huan Chen)；黃名琪(Ming-Chi Huang)；高淑芬(Susan Shur-Fen Gau)；陳映燁(Ying-Yeh Chen)

親職教養 ； 酒精成癮患者 ； 酒精成癮患者子女 ； 危險因子 ； parenting ； alcoholics ； children of alcoholics ； risk factors

台灣精神醫學

23卷3期（2009 / 09 / 01）

180 - 188

英文

目的：酒精成癮患者之子女有較高之機會有物質濫用、憂鬱及焦慮疾患，學者常用先天體質及後天環境兩者交互作用來解釋此現象。目前研究較少注意到酒精成癮患者親職教養對其小孩未來不良預後的影響，本文即欲由文獻回顧的方式來探討及了解酒精成癮患者親職教養之特質及對其子女之影響。方法：我們回顧有關成癮患者親職教養及其子女這些題目的發表文章。結果：整體而言，有酒精成癮之父親易出現不利其子女預後之親職教養風格，特別是當該父親同時合併有其他精神疾患或家庭問題時；無酒精成癮之母親可以減少酒精成癮父親對其子女之不良影響。另一方面，目前之文獻證據尚不足以了解酒精成癮母親之親職教養風格對其子女之影響。有些證據指出家庭取向之治療模式可以改善酒精成癮患者之親職教養風格及其子女預後。結論：因酒精成癮族群之增加趨勢及其親職教養對子女之不良預後影響，進一步了解台灣地區酒精成癮患者之親職教養特質與其對子女預後之影響，以及相關危險因子與有效處遇方式對精神衛生工作者十分重要。

Objectives: Children of alcoholic individuals are vulnerable to risks of several negative outcomes including substance use, and depressive and anxiety disorders. There has been relatively little attention to the parenting styles of alcoholic parents in shaping their children's psychopathology. In this review, we intended to highlight the family process and to examine how parenting factors influence the psychopathologic development of children of alcoholics (COAs). Method: We reviewed published articles on the topic of parenting and COAs. Results: The literature showed that alcoholic fathers are more likely to exhibit either authoritarian or non-involvement parenting styles, both of which are harmful to children. Alcoholic fathering is more problematic when the fathers have co-morbidities such as mental illness, or a stressful family situation. Adequate mothering relieves the impact of alcoholic fathering. On the other hand, the existing data are particularly limited without adequate information on the role of alcoholic mothering in negative outcomes of COAs. Conclusion: Although family therapy is a potential intervention to help improve alcoholic parenting, its effectiveness has rarely been examined. Given the increasing alcoholic population in Taiwan and the impact on their children, we suggest that research into this area is urgent and imperative.

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