“二重證據法”的具體實踐－王國維古文字考釋在文史研究之運用

Specific Practice of the "Dual Evidences Method"-The application of Wang Guo-Wei's Ancient Writing Observation and Interpretation in the Study of Chinese Literature and History

10.30171/JYUST.200612.0007

張鴻愷(Hong-Kai Chang)

王國維 ； 史學 ； 二重證據法 ； 甲骨文 ； 金石文字 ； Wang Guo-Wei ； history ； dual evidences method ； inscriptions on bones ； inscriptions on ancient bronzes and stone tablets

元培學報

13期（2006 / 12 / 01）

105 - 116

繁體中文

王國維繼承了清代考據學家求實之精神，將「目驗」以考釋名物的傳統史學方法，發展成文獻與地下出土文物相結合的「二重證據法」，並從名物考釋上拓展為更為寬廣的文史乃至文化制度之研究，誠為治文史者另闢蹊徑。王國維的史學研究之所以能夠開新史學之先河，正在於他是「二重證據法」的創立者與實踐者；而王國維成為新史學之開山，也充分說明了「二重證據法」具有極高的理論價值和方法學上的意義，它的提出和廣泛的運用，對中國學術的近代化和科學化，有著深遠的影響。

Inherited the textual researcher's spirit of truth seeking in Cing Dynasty, Wang Guo-Wei expanded the tradition historical science of 「eye prove」to be the 「dual evidences method」, connecting the facts from scientific literature and the excavations. He even expanded to be the study of a wilder area of literature and history or even to the study of culture system, from relic observation and interpretation. It can be said that he opened a new path for literature and history administers. Wang Guo-Wei's study of history can be a starter of the new history study was because he was the creator and the practicer of the 「dual evidences method」. And the fact that Wang Guo-Wei became the founder of new history study also explained in full that the 「dual evidences method」had high value in theory and significant meaning of the methodology. Its existence and widely applications had significant influences to the modernization and scientific ennoblement of Chinese literature.