專利組合分析方法之建構：以磁阻性隨機存取記憶體為例

A Modified Method for Patent Portfolio Analysis: A Study on Magnetic Random Access Memory Technology

10.6378/JTM.200509.0097

王明妤(Ming-Yeu Wang)；許旭昇(Shiuh-Sheng Hsu)

專利組合 ； 專利指標 ； 磁阻性隨機存取記憶體 ； Patent Portfolio ； Patent Indicator ； Magnetic Random Access Memory

科技管理學刊

10卷3期（2005 / 09 / 01）

97 - 120

繁體中文

本研究修改Brockhoff(1992)與Ernst(1998)所提出的專利組合分析方法，分爲公司及技術兩個層面來探討。在公司層面，以六項專利指標取代傳統的五項專利指標，評估重要公司在磁阻性隨機存取記憶體(MRAM)產業的專利活動及專利品質。在技術層面，本研究以集群分析法，對國際專利分類號(IPC)在五項專利指標的表現進行分群，找出MRAM所包含的技術類別，取代過往採取人工分類的方式。最後透過專利組合分析的結果，探討重要公司於MRAM技術領域的專利表現、研發重心及技術能力。

This paper modifies the methods presented by Brockhoff (1992) and Ernst (1998) to analyze patent portfolios. To analyze patent portfolios, the previous methods used two aspects: company and technology. In the aspect of company we use six indicators instead of five indicators proposed in the previous methods to evaluate the patent activities and quality of important companies in Magnetic Random Access Memory (MRAM) industry. In the aspect of technology, the cluster analysis is used to replace the manual classification in previous methods. By cluster analysis, each sub-technology identified by International Patent Classification is classified into groups according to their performance in five indicators. The technologies that were involved by MRAM are thus found. Based on the results using our modified method, we analyze the patent performance, R&D focuses and technological ability of important companies in MRAM industry.

1. Abraham, B. P.,Moitra, S. D.(2001).Innovation Assessment through Patent Analysis.Technovation,21(4),245-252.
2. Aston, W. B.,Sen, R. K.(1988).Using Patent Information in Technology Business Planning-I.Research Technology Management,1(6),42-46.
3. Basberg, B. L.(1987).Patents and the Measurement of Technological Change: A Survey of the Literature.Research Policy,16(2-4),131-141.
4. Brockhoff, K. K.(1992).Instruments for Patent Data Analysis in Business Firms.Technovation,12(1),41-58.
5. Campbell, R. S.(1983).Patent Trends as a Technological Forecasting Tool.World Patent Information,5(3),137-143.
6. Ernst, H.(1998).Patent Portfolios for Strategic R&D Planning.Journal of Engineering and Technology Management,15(4),279-308.
7. Ernst, H.(1997).The Use of Patent Data for Technological Forecasting: The Diffusion of CNC-Technology in the Machine Tool Industry.Small Business Economics,9(4),361-381.
8. Ernst, H.(2001).Patent Applications and Subsequent Changes of Performance: Evidence from Time-Series Cross-Section Analyses on the Firm Level.Research Policy,30(1),143-157.
9. Europhysics News
10. Jung, S.,Imm, K. Y.(2002).The Patent Activities of Korea and Taiwan: a Comparative Case of Patent Statistics.World Patent Information,24(4),303-311.
11. Kim, T.,Kim, Y. K.,Park, W.(2004).Technological Issues for High-Density MRAM Development.Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,282,232-236.
12. Kondo, M.(1999).R&D Dynamics of Creating Patents in the Japanese Industry.Research Policy,28(6),587-600.
13. Miles, B.(2001).Coming to a Computer to you: Magnetic Memory.Machine Design,73(9),91-93.
14. Mogee, M. E.(1991).Using Patent Data for Technology Analysis and Planning.Research Technology Management,34(4),43-49.
15. Narin, F.,Noma, E.,Perry R.(1987).Patents as Indicators of Corporate Technological Strength.Research Policy,16(2-4),143-155.
16. Pavitt, K.,van Raan (ed.)(1988).Handbook of Quantitative Studies of Science and Technology.North-Holland:Elsevier Science Publishers.
17. Pilkington, A.,Romano, D.,Omid, T.(2002).The Electric Vehicle: Patent Data as Indicators of Technological Development.World Patent Information,24(1),5-12.
18. Schmookler, J.(1966).Invention and Economic Growth.Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press.
19. Soete, L.(1987).The Impact of Technological Innovation on International Trade Patterns: The Evidence Reconsidered.Research Policy,16(2-4),101-130.
20. 王明妤、許旭昇(2004)。以專利分析探討廠商在美國、台灣及日本之技術能力及市場佈局：以銅製程技術爲例。第三屆工研院創新與科技管理研討會
21. 孟憲鈺、黃明居、張東淼、郭光輝(2000)。產業創新指標：專利引用分析與專利指標。科技管理學刊，5(1)，31-49。
22. 林明緯(2003)。私立元智大學管理研究所未出版碩士論文。
23. 陳孟祺(2004)。國立雲林科技大學企業管理研究所未出版碩士論文。
24. 葉林秀、李佳謀、徐明豐、吳德和(2004)。磁阻式隨機存取記憶技術的發展－現在與未來。物理雙月刊，26(4)，607-619。
25. 活用專利組合
26. 賴奎魁、張善斌(2004)。建構商業方法技術擴散模式：整合專利引證及貝氏模式。科技管理學刊，9(1)，1-34。
27. 賴奎魁、鄭伶如、張智翔(2002)。運用專利資料探討接觸式影像感測器業技術發展趨勢之研究。科技管理學刊，7(1)，117-136。

1. 黃元鶴(2007)。圖書資訊領域期刊引用影響之結構方程模式分析。教育資料與圖書館學，44(3)，259-273。
2. 薛招治、鄭意婷(2017)。以期望理論觀點探討專利期望價值、專利申請動機與專利組合布局之間的關係。科技管理學刊，22(4)，29-56。
3. 張東生、高志昕、王明妤(2009)。發展多重對應關係之技術專利地圖：以薄膜太陽能電池為例。科技管理學刊，14(3)，109-138。
4. 張敬珣、林明杰(2010)。RFID發展現況：以專利分析角度探討。科技管理學刊，15(1)，23-48。
5. 張振滄、李沿儒(2012)。探索專利聯盟廠商技術發展策略：DVD 3C個案研究。科技管理學刊，17(1)，111-140。