探討RFID創新科技採用模式－混合定性和定量分析研究

Explore RFID Innovation Technology Adoption Model-Using Qualitative and Quantitative Techniques

10.6378/JTM.201003.0077

蔡瑋真(Wei-Chen Tsai)；湯玲郎(Ling-Lang Tang)

RFID ； 科技採用 ； 社會網絡 ； 物流服務業 ； Radio Frequency Identification ； Technology Adoption ； Social Network ； Logistic Service Industry

科技管理學刊

15卷1期（2010 / 03 / 01）

77 - 103

繁體中文

近年來日益受到重視的RFID(Radio Frequency Identification System)創新科技便是一項有效提供創新服務及增強企業競爭力的新技術。有鑑於此，本研究主要透過創新擴散理論(Diffusion of Innovations)和跨組織系統(Inter-Organization System)觀點，來瞭解企業採用RFID的影響因素與採用模式。經由文獻探討後發展研究架構並予以驗證，最後提出RFID創新科技採用模式，包含社群層面（社群支援、同儕採用與權力結構三個因素）、技術層面（技術複雜性、技術相容性與成本三個因素）、組織層面（組織準備度與程序彈性兩個因素）與環境層面（產業競爭與政府政策兩個因素）等四個構面。本文研究方法混合定性與定量兩階段方式，第一階段以六家物流服務業做為採用RFID訪談個案，依此受訪結果整理與分析並修正研究架構。第二階段以修正後之研究模式，透過定量方式使用問卷調查，問卷發放對象為國內400家物流服務業，回收有效問卷為108份，經由PLS(Partial Least Square)驗證RFID採用模式，並且找出企業間差異性。 定性研究結果歸類出未準備好之採用者、準備好之採用者和啟動之採用者三種RFID採用者型態。針對企業採用RFID之影響程度上，未準備好之採用者強調政府政策、權力結構、同儕採用與社群支援因素；準備好之採用者強調技術複雜性、程序彈性與成本因素；啟動之採用者則強調產業競爭、技術相容性與組織準備度因素。經由採用類型之屬性與特性了解企業對RFID採用之認知差異，用以支持本研究分析模式的應用性。定量研究結果發現物流服務業者於RFID採用模式上，各路徑構面皆呈顯著影響，透過此分析得以協助企業瞭解採用RFID創新科技時之重要影響因素與行為，期望所得之結果可以對學界與實務界有所助益。

While facing global competitions, company is continuously finding the way to provide service innovation and strengthen core competences. RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), a recently regarded technology, is an appropriate new technology to achieve the goal. Therefore, it will be useful to discuss the impacts of company with different RFID innovation technology adoption model. View in this right, this dissertation focuses on proposing innovation technology adoption model of RFID. This study tried to combine literature reviews with real industrial observations as a developmental basis of the posterior evidence research. Based on diffusion of innovation sand inter-organization system view, this article explored the adoption factors of RFID application, in turn, four constructs were proposed, first as social network includes social support, peer adoption and power structure, second as environment construct includes industry competition and policy, and technology construct includes technology complexity, technology compatibility and cost, last as organization construct includes organization readiness and procedural flexibility.. According to case study, six firms were interviewed for RFID adoption data gathering and comparison. After data analyzed, we categorize the RFID adopter into three types: unprepared adopter, ready adopter and initiator adopter. And the empirical survey was performed that questionnaires were send to 400 Taiwan companies of the logistic service industry at stage two. To use the statistical analysis bases on perturbation least square (PLS) software to perform and verify the research structure proposed. The results of analysis of the survey data are: all paths have significant positive with the RFID adoption model of manufacture or logistic service industry. It will confirm again about the application of the research, we hope the final result is useful to educational circles and practice.

1. Abdinnour-Helm, S.,Lengnick-Hall, M. L.,Lengnick-Hall, C. A.(2003).Preimplementation Attitudes and Organizational Readiness for Implementing an Enterprise Resource Planning System.European Journal of Operational Research,146,258-273.
2. Agarwal, R.,Prasad, J.(1999).Are Individual Differences Germane to the Acceptance of New Information Technologies.Decision Sciences,30(2),361-391.
3. Boyer, K. K.(1999).Evolutionary patterns of flexible automation and performance: A longitudinal study.Management Science,45,824-842.
4. Brown, I,Russell, J.(2007).Radio frequency identification technology: An exploratory study on adoption in the South African retail sector.International Journal of Information Management,27,250-265.
5. Bruque, S.,Moyano, J.(2007).Organisational Determinants of Information Technology Adoption and Implementation in SMEs: The Case of Family and Cooperative firms.Techhnovation,27(5),241-253.
6. Calantone, R. J.,Griffith, D. A.,Yalcinkaya, G.(2006).An Empirical Examination of a Technology Adoption Model for the Context of China.Journal of International Marketing,14(4),1-27.
7. Carter, L.,Belanger, F.(2005).The utilization of e-government services: citizen trust, innovation and acceptance factors.Information Systems Journal,15(1),5-25.
8. Chau, P. Y. K.,Hui, K. L.(2001).Determinants of Small Business EDI Adoption: An Empirical Investigation.Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce,11(4),229-252.
9. Chin, W. W.(1998).Issues and opinion on structure equation modeling.Minformation systems Quarterly,22(1),vii-xvi.
10. Christiaanse, E.,Venkatraman, N.(2002).Beyond Sabre: An empirical test of expertise exploitation in electronic channels.MIS Quarterly,26(1),15-38.
11. Chwelos, P.(2001).Research Report: Empirical Test of an EDI Adoption Model.Information system research,12(3),304-321.
12. Cool, K.,Henderson, J.(1998).Power and Firm Profitability in Supply Chains: French Manufacturing Industry in 1993.Strategic Management Journal,19(10),909-926.
13. Cooper, R. B.,Zmud, R. W.(1990).Information Technology Implementation Research: A Technology Diffusion Approach h.Management Science,36(2),123-139.
14. Damanpour, F.(1991).Organization Innovation: A Meta Analysis of Effects of Determinants and Moderators h.Academy of Management Journal,34(3),555-590.
15. Elliot, B.,Alex a, C.,Bean, K.(2007).Internal Infrastructural Impacts on RFID Perceptions and Commitment: Knowledge, Operational Procedures, and Information-Processing Standards h.Decision Sciences,38(3),423-449.
16. Fornell, C.,Larcker, D.(1981).Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error.Journal of Marketing Research,18(1),39-50.
17. Frambach, R. T.,Schillewaert, N.(2002).Organizational Innovation adoption: A Multi-level Framework of Determinants and Opportunities for Future Research.Journal of Business Research,55,163-176.
18. Gunasekaran, A.,Ngai, E.,McGaughey, R.(2006).Information Technology and Systems Justification: A Review of Research and Applications.European Journal of Operational Research,173,957-983.
19. Hadjimanolis, A.(2000).An Investigation of Innovation Antecedents in Small Firms in the Context of a Small Developing Country.R&D Management,30(3),235-245.
20. Hoyle, Rick (ed.)(1999).Statistical Strategies for Small Sample Research.Sage Publications.
21. Iacovou, C. L.,Benbasat, I.,Dexter, A. S.(1995).Electronic Data Interchange and Small Organizations: Adoption and Impact of Technology.MIS Quarterly,465-485.
22. Jansen, M. B.,Eradus, W.(1999).Future Developments on Devices for Animal radio Frequency Identification.Computer and Electronics in Agriculture,24,109-117.
23. Jeyaraj, A.,Rottman, J. W.,Lacity, M.(2006).A Review of the Predictors, Linkages, and Biases in IT Innovation Adoption Research.Journal of Information Technology,21,1-23.
24. Khouja, M.,Kumar, R. L.(2002).Information technology investments and volume-flexibility in production systems.International Journal of Production Research,40(1),205-221.
25. Kimberly, J. R.,Evanisko, M. J.(1981).Organizational Innovation: The Influence of Individual, Organizational, and Contextual Factors no Hospital Adoption of Technological and Administrative Innovations.Academy of Management Journal,24(4),689-714.
26. Koste, L. L.,Malhotra, K. M.,Sharma, S.(2004).Measuring dimensions of manufacturing flexibility.Journal of Operations Management,22,171-196.
27. Lind, M. R.,Zmud, R. W.(1991).The Influence of a Convergence in Understanding between Technology Providers and Users on Information Technology Innovativeness.Organization Science,2(2),195-217.
28. Loebbecke, C.,Palmer, J.(2006).RFID in the Fashion Industry: Kaufhof Department Stores AG and Gerry Weber International AG, fashion manufacturer.MIS Quarterly Executive,5(2),15-25.
29. Malhotra, M. K.,Ritzman, L. P.(1990).Resource Flexibility Issues in Multistage manufacturing.Decision Sciences,21,673-690.
30. Moore, M. G.,Benbasat, I.(1991).Development of an instrument to measure the perceptions of adopting an information technology innovation.Information Systems Research,2,192-222.
31. Ngai, E. W. T.,Cheng, T. C.,Au, S.,Hung, L. K.(2007).Mobile Commerce Integrated with RFID Technology in a Container Depot.Decision Support Systems,62-76.
32. Orlikowski, W. J.(1993).CASE Tools as Organizational Change: Investigating Incremental and Radical Changes in Systems Development.MIS Quarterly,17(3),309-340.
33. Peslak, A. R.(2005).An Ethical Exploration of Privacy and Radio Frequency Identification.Journal of Business Ethics,59,327-345.
34. Premkumar G.,Roberts, M.(1999).Adoption of New Information Technologies in Rural Small Businesses.Omega,27(4),467-484.
35. Rai, A.,Patnayakuni, R.,Seth, N.(2006).Firm performance impacts of digitally enabled supply chain integration capabilities.Minformation systems Quarterly,30(2),225-246.
36. Rebecca, A.(2005).REID Technologies: Supply-Chain Applications and Implementation Issues.Information Systems Management,51-65.
37. Reijers, H. A.,Mansar, S. L.(2005).Best practices in business process redesign: An overview and qualitative evaluation of successful redesign heuristics.Omega,33,283-306.
38. Robert, C. L.,Beats, B. A.(2004).The Use of Third-party Logistics Services by Large American manufacturers: The 2003 survey.Transportation Journal,43(3),24-33.
39. Rogers, E. M.(2003).Diffusion of Innovation.New York:The Free Press.
40. Storck, J.,Hill, P. A.(2000).Knowledge Diffusion through Strategic Communities.Sloan Management Review,41(2),63-74.
41. Taylor J. R.,Moore, E. G.,Amonsen, J. E.(1994).Profiling Technology Diffusion Categories Empirical Test of Two Models.Journal of Business Research,155-162.
42. Teece, D. J.(2000).Managing Intellectual Capital-Organizational, Strategic, and Policy Dimensions.OXFORD University Press.
43. Thong, Y. L. J.(1999).An Integrated Model of Information Systems Adoption in Small Businesses.Journal of Management Information System,15(4),187-214.
44. Vijayasarathy, L. R.,Robey, D.(1997).The Effects of EDI on Market Channel Relationships in Retailing.Information & Management,33(2),73-86.
45. Vishwanath, A.(2005).Impact of Personality on Technology Adoption: An Empirical model.Journal of the American Society for Information Science & Technology,56(8),803-811.
46. Wixom, B. H.,Watson, H. J.(2001).An Empirical Investigation of the Factors Affecting Data Warehousing Success.MIS Quarterly,25(1),17-41.
47. Wu, N. C.,Nystrom, M. A.,Lin, T. R.,Yu, H. C.(2006).Challenges to Global REID Adoption.Technovation,26(12),1317-1323.
48. Yin, R. K.(2003).Case study research, design and methods.Newbury Park:Sage Publications.
49. Zhu, K. K. L. Kraemer,Gurbaxani, V.,Xu, S. X.(2006).Migration to open-standard inter-organizational systems: Network effects, switching costs, and path dependency.MIS Quarterly,30(4),515-538.

1. 簡全亮、駱騰昆、吳明翰(2018)。組織變革之個案研究：以中國青年救國團經營管理（國民）運動中心為例。中華行政學報，22，119-129。
2. 謝叔平、劉哲言、李一民(2014)。休閒產業RFID整合消費應用探討─以觀光旅館為例。休閒暨觀光產業研究，6(2)，68-91。
3. (2024)。主管對警衛勤務技術創新之研究。軍事社會科學專刊，25，79-111。