题名

探討社群協作平台參與者動機與創新行為關聯性之研究：以平衡型心理契約為干擾變項

并列篇名

The Relationship between Participants' Motivation and Innovation behavior in the Online Innovation Platform of the Socially Developed Products：A Balanced Psychological Contract as a Moderating Variable

作者

羅志成(Chih-Cheng Lo)；林蘭惠(Lan-Hui Lin)

关键词

社會交換理論 ； 社群協作產品 ； 參與者動機 ； 心理契約 ； 創新行為 ； Social Exchange Theory ； Socially Developed Products ； Psychological Contract ； Participants' motivation ； Innovation Behavior

期刊名称

科技管理學刊

卷期/出版年月

19卷4期（2014 / 12 / 01）

页次

55 - 86

内容语文

繁體中文
中文摘要

社群協作產品（Socially Developed Products, SDP）主要是透過網絡平台共享的機制，將社群成員生活的創意商品化的商業模式，其產品開發的過程高度依賴社群網絡的互動，這也是傳統專利商品化平台所不具備的機制。然而，環顧先前文獻，目前對於個人參與社群協作產品創新的行為並沒有太多的著墨，亦缺乏實證的支持。因此，本研究試以社會交換理論（Social Exchange Theory, SET）所陳述之互惠、聲譽、自我成長，及娛樂等四個構面探討參與者動機，瞭解其與創新行為之間的關聯性，並進一步考量平衡型心理契約（Balanced PsychologicalContract, BPC）的干擾效果，探討滿足參與者內在動機的可能需求，及參與者需求動機如何進一步形塑社群協作平台的創新行為，裨益未來建構社群協作產品網絡平台之參考。本研究針對經濟部智慧財產局國家發明創作獎得獎者及專利商品化平台創新發明人為問卷對象。研究結果顯示，「互惠價值」之參與者動機與滿足參與者需求之平衡型心理契約對創新行為有顯著正向影響，即平衡型心理契約與互惠價值的交互作用會進一步正向干擾創新行為。因此，本研究建議參與者在創意商品化的過程中，若能與社群成員的互惠關係越良好，越能激發參與者參與創新的動力，積極展現創新行為，實現創意商品化。
英文摘要

The so-called Socially Developed Products (SDP) is the process of a business model in which online community participants commercialize their creative products by using online innovation platform. However, through comprehensive literature review there has been lack of sufficient empirical studies. With the full commercialization process of online innovation platform, we develop our theoretical framework from the diversity among participants' motivation on the product platform from a social exchange theory (SET) perspective. Then, we justify the difference among participants' motivation, the moderating role of psychological contract, and the innovation behaviors of participants on the online innovation platform. The contribution of this research is beneficial for the establishment of innovation platform for the SDP. We employed a survey on the participants of online commercialization platforms established by Taiwanese intellectual property office. The empirical results show that the participants' motivation ＂reciprocity value＂ and a balanced psychological contract (BPC) have a significantly positive impact on participants' innovation behavior. That is, the interaction of ＂reciprocal value＂ and ＂balanced psychological contract＂ will be positively moderated the relationship between participants' innovation and the innovation behavior. Therefore, while participants commercializing idea online, the greater reciprocal exchange among users in the process of SDP, the more beneficial it is to the realization of their innovation.
主题分类 社會科學 > 管理學
参考文献
  1. 方世杰、蔡馥陞、邱志芳(2004)。新產品開發團隊知識分享之研究：交易成本理論與社會交換理論之整合性觀點。科技管理學刊，9(4)，67-100。
    連結：
  2. 吳盛、林東清、林杏子(2006)。以社會交換理論觀點探討影響虛擬團隊成員知識分享型為因素。資訊管理學報，13(1)，193-219。
    連結：
  3. 彭台光、高月慈、林鉦棽(2006)。管理研究中的共同方法變異：問題本質、影響、測試和補救。管理學報，23(1)，77-98。
    連結：
  4. 經濟部智慧財產局 (http://www.tipo.gov.tw/ch/)，資料服務之專利商品化教育宣導網站，取自： http://pcm.tipo.gov.tw/PCM2010/pcm// (存取日期2012/02/1)。
  5. Quirky Incorporated-Made in NYC. A Socially Developed Product. Copyright 2009-2015. Retrieved February 1, 2011, From: http://www.quirky.com/learn
  6. 經濟部智慧財產局 (http://www.tipo.gov.tw/ch/)，便民服務之國家發明創作獎得獎作品，取自：http://www.tipo.gov.tw/ch/NodeTree.aspx?path=1287/ (存取日期2012/02/1)
  7. Maslow A. H. (1943), “A Theory of Human Motivation”, Psychological Review, Vol. 50(1), pp.32-396.
  8. Aitamurto, T.,Leiponen, A.,Tee, R.(2011).Nokia Ideas Project White PaperNokia Ideas Project White Paper,未出版
  9. Äkkinen, M.,Tuunainen, V. K.(2005).Sources of Value-Creation in Consumer-Oriented Online Communities-Results from a Pilot Study.Frontiers of e-Business Research 2004,:
  10. Ardichvili, A.,Page, V.,Wentiling, T.(2003).Motivation and Barriers to Participation in Virtual Knowledge-Sharing Communities of Practice.Journal of Knowledge Management,7(1),64-77.
  11. Asher, H.B.(1983).Causal Modeling.Newbury Park, CA:Sage Publications.
  12. Avolio, B.,Yammarino, F.J.,Bass, B.M.(1991).Identifying Common Methods Variance with Data Collected from a Single Source: An Unresolved Sticky Issue.Journal of Management,17(3),571-587.
  13. Bearman, P.(1997).Generalized Exchange.American Journal of Sociology,102(5),1383-1415.
  14. Berger, J.(ed.),Zelditch M. Jr.(ed.),Anderson, B.(ed.)(1972).Sociological Theories in Progress.Boston, MA:Houghton-Mifflin.
  15. Blau, P. M.(1964).Exchange and Power in Social Life.NY:John Wiley and Sons.
  16. Chu, K. M.,Chan, H. C.(2009).Community Based Innovation: Its Antecedents and Its Impact on Innovation Success.Internet Research,19(5),496-516.
  17. Coleman, J.S.(1990).Foundations of Social Theory.Cambridge, MA:Belknap Press.
  18. Conway, N.,Briner, R.B.(2005).Understanding Psychological Contracts at Work.NY:Oxford University Press.
  19. Cropanzano R.,Mitchell M. S.(2005).Social Exchange Theory: An Interdisciplinary Review.Journal of Management,31(6),874-900.
  20. Dabos, G. E.,Rousseau, D. M.(2004).Mutuality and Reciprocity in the Psychological Contracts of Employees and Employers.Journal of Applied Psychology,89(1),52-72.
  21. De Vos, A.,Buyens, D.,Schalk, R.(2003).Psychological Contract Development during Organizational Socialization: Adaptation to Reality and the Role of Reciprocity.Journal of Organizational Behavior,24(5),537-599.
  22. Deci, E. L.,Ryan, R. M.(1985).Intrinsic Motivation and Self-determination in Human Behavior.NY:Plenum.
  23. Dholakia, U.M.,Bagozzi, R.P.,Klein Pearo, L.(2004).A Social Influence Model of Consumer Participation in Network- and Small-Group-Based Virtual Communities.International Journal of Research in Marketing,21(3),241-263.
  24. Fishbein, M.,Ajzen, I.(1975).Belief, Attitude, Intention and Behavior: an Introduction to Theory and Research.Reading, MA:Addison-Wesley.
  25. Frazier, G. L.,Rody, R. C.(1991).The Use of Influence Strategies in Interfirm Relationships in Industrial Product Channels.Journal of Marketing,55(1),52-69.
  26. Füller, J.,Bartl, M.,Ernst, H.,Mühlbacher, H.(2006).Community Based Innovation: How to Integrate Members of Virtual Communities into New Product Development.Electronic Commerce Research,6(2),57-73.
  27. Füller, J.,Bartl, M.,Ernst, H.,Mühlbacher, H.(2004).Community Based Innovation: A Method to Utilize the Innovative Potential of Online Communities.Proceedings of the 37th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2004 IEEE,Big Island, HI:
  28. Füller, J.,Jawecki, G.,Mühlbacher, H.(2007).Innovation Creation by Online Basketball Communities.Journal of Business Research,60(1),60-71.
  29. Gouldner, A. W.(1960).The Norm of Reciprocity: A Preliminary Statement.American Sociological Review,25,161-179.
  30. Grenier, R.,Metes, G.(1995).Going Virtual: Moving Your Organization into the 21st Century.Upper Saddle River, NJ:Prentice Hall P T R.
  31. Gu, B.,Jarvenpaa, S.(2003).Online Discussion Boards for Technical Support: The Effect of Token Recognition on Customer Contributions.Proceedings of 24th International Conference on Information Systems
  32. Hair, J. F.,Anderson, R. E.,Tatham, R. L.,Black, W. C.(1998).Multivariate Data Analysis.NJ:Prentice Hall.
  33. Hair, J. F.,Anderson, R. E.,Tatham, R. L.,Black, W. C.(1992).Multivariate Data Analysis with Reading.NY:Macmillan Publishing Company.
  34. Harman, H. H.(1967).Modern factor analysis.Chicago:University of Chicago Press.
  35. Homans, G. C.(1958).Social Behavior as Exchange.American Journal of Sociology,63(5),597-606.
  36. Howe, J.(2006).The Rise of Crowd-sourcing.Wired Magazine,1-5.
  37. Janssen, O.(2001).Fairness Perceptions as a Moderator in the Curvilinear Relationships between Job Demands, and Job Performance and Job Satisfaction.Academy of Management Journal,44(5),1039-1050.
  38. Kankanhalli, A.,Tan, B. C. Y.,Kwok-Kee, W.(2005).Contributing Knowledge to Electronic Knowledge Repositories: An Empirical Investigation.MIS Quarterly,29(1),113-143.
  39. Kanter, R. M.(1988).When a Thousand Flowers Bloom: Structural, Collective and Social Conditions for Innovation in Organization.Research in Organizational Behavior,10,169-211.
  40. Lipnack, J.,Stamps, J.(1999).Virtual Teams: The New Way to Work.Strategy & Leadership,27(1),14-19.
  41. Maslow, A. H.(1954).Motivation and Personality.NY:Harper & Row.
  42. Nunnally, J. C.(1978).Psychometric Theory.NY:McGraw-Hill.
  43. Pervan, S.,Bove, L.,Johnson, L.(2009).Reciprocity as a Key Stabilizing Norm of Interpersonal Marketing Relationships: Scale Development, and Validation.Industrial Marketing Management,38(1),60-70.
  44. Podsakoff, P. M.,Organ, D. W.(1986).Self-Reports in Organizational Research: Problems and Prospects.Journal of Management,12(4),531-544.
  45. Putnam, R.(1993).Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy.NJ:Princeton University Press.
  46. Reuben M. B.,David A. K.(1986).The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations.Journal of personality and Social Psychology,51(6),1173-1182.
  47. Ridings, C. M.,Gefen, D.(2004).Virtual Community Attraction: Why People Hang out Online.Journal of Computer Mediated Communication,10(1)
  48. Robinson, S. L.(1996).Trust and Breach of the Psychological Contract.Administrative Science Quarterly,41,574-599.
  49. Robinson, S. L.,Morrison, E.W.(1995).Psychological Contracts and OCB: The Effect of Unfulfilled Obligations on Civic Virtue Behavior.Journal of Organizational Behavior,16,289-298.
  50. Robinson, S. L.,Rousseau, D. M.(1994).Violating the Psychological Contract: Not the Exception but the Norm.Journal of Organizational Behavior,15,245-259.
  51. Rosenberg M.(ed.),Turner, R. H.(ed.)(1981).Social Psychology: Sociological Perspectives.NY:Basic Books.
  52. Rousseau, D. M.(1990).New Hire Perceptions of Their Own and Employers Obligations: A Study of Psychological Contracts.Journal of Organizational Behavior,11(5),389-400.
  53. Rousseau, D. M.(1989).Psychological and Implied Contracts in Organizations.Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal,2(2),121-139.
  54. Rousseau, D. M.(2000).,PA:Carnegie Mellon University.
  55. Rousseau, D. M.,Wade-Benzoni, K. A.(1994).Linking Strategy and Human Resource Practices: How Employee and Customer Contact Are Created.Human Resource Management,33(3),463-489.
  56. Scott, S. G.,Bruce, R. A.(1994).Determinants of Innovative Behavior: A Path Model of Individual Innovation in the Workplace.Academy of Management Journal,37(3),580-607.
  57. Seltzer, E.,Mahmoudi, D.(2012).Citizen Participation, Open Innovation, and Crowdsourcing: Challenges and Opportunities for Planning.Journal of Planning Literature,28(1),3-18.
  58. Shiau, W. L.,Luo, M. M.(2012).Factors Affecting Online Group Buying Intention and Satisfaction: A Social Exchange Theory Perspective.Computers in Human Behavior,28(6),2431-2444.
  59. Smith, M.(ed.),Kollock, P.(ed.)(1999).Communities in Cyberspace.London:Routledge.
  60. Thibaut, J. W.,Kelly H.(1959).The Social Psychology of Groups.NY:Wiley.
  61. Thomke, S.,von Hippel, E.(2002).Customers as Innovators.Harvard Business Review,80(4),74-81.
  62. Tsai, M. T.,Cheng, N. C.,Chen, K. S.(2011).Understanding Online Group Buying Intention: The Roles of Sense of Virtual Community, and Technology Acceptance Factors.Total Quality Management & Business Excellence,22(10),1091-1104.
  63. von Hippel, E.(1988).The Sources of Innovation.NY:Oxford University Press.
  64. Wasko, M. M.,Faraj S.(2000).It Is What One Does: Why People Participate and Help Others in Electronic Communities of Practice.Journal of Strategic Information Systems,9,155-173.
  65. Wasko, M. M.,Faraj, S.(2005).Why Should I Share? Examining Social Capital and Knowledge Contribution in Electronic Networks of Practice.MIS Quarterly,29(1),35-57.
  66. 朱國明(2009)。探討以網路社群為基礎創新觀念之形成歷程與建立。中小企業發展季刊，11，1-28。
被引用次数
  1. 蕭炳輝(2016)。中華電信客網人員工作特性與服務品質認知關係-以心理契約、社會支持為調節變數。淡江大學企業管理學系碩士在職專班學位論文。2016。1-100。 
print cancel