太陽光電公司研發組合與知識流：專利計量觀點

R&D Portfolio and Knowledge Flow of Companies in the Solar Photovoltaics: Patentometrics Perspective

楊文廣(Wen-Goang Yang)

太陽光電 ； 研發組合 ； 知識流 ； 專利計量 ； 專利後向引用 ； Solar Photovoltaics ； R&D Portfolio ； Knowledge Flow ； Patentometrics ； Patent Backward Citation

科技管理學刊

21卷1期（2016 / 03 / 01）

67 - 92

繁體中文

綠能科技時代的趨勢潮流，促進廠商投入太陽光電技術的發展，經營者為確保研發與經營績效，如何辨識競合公司間的技術優勢以進行研發，並且吸收競合者技術知識，進而建構技術能力的組合，此問題極具挑戰。是故，本研究從專利計量觀點，兼顧專利數與專利引用二種分析方法，以研發組合、技術知識的流動探討技術能力。其中，研發組合整合技術吸引力、技術相對地位與相對專利優勢等三項專利數指標，可分析公司研發組合在產業間的優劣勢；另外，技術知識的流動藉由專利後向引用建立專利引用網絡，計算相對專利引用傾向，可測量技術知識的來源與移動方向。研發組合與知識流是互補性的分析觀點，二者的結合能有效地辨識太陽光電競合公司間技術能力的組合與監控。

The era of green-energy technology as the current trend promotes manufactures investing in technologies of Solar Photovoltaics. How to recognize technological advantage among coopetitors and absorb technological knowledge from them in order to do R&D and build up combinations of technological abilities is a challenge problem. Thus, this study from patentometrics perspective considers both approaches of patent counts and citations to construct an appraisal rule and procedure by R&D portfolio and technological knowledge flow. Patent portfolio evaluates the advantage of technologies and firms by three indicators of patent counts of technology attractiveness, relative patent position and revealed patent advantage. Technological knowledge flow adopts relative citation propensity from patent backward citation to measure technological sources and directions of movement. R&D portfolio and technological knowledge flow are complementary perspectives for each other. This combination is an effective approach to recognize the technological abilities of Solar Photovoltaics.

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