不同收穫期與栽培管理技術對紅豆產量性狀以及種仁化學成分之影響

Yield characters and seed chemical composition of azuki bean in different harvest date and cultivation management

陳政杰(Zheng-Chieh Chen)；馮淑慧(Shu-Huei Ferng)；侯金日(Chin-Jin Hou)

紅豆 ； 收穫期 ； 有機栽培 ； 產量 ； 化學成分 ； azuki bean ； harvest date ； organic cultivation ； yield ； chemical composition

嘉大農林學報

13卷1期（2016 / 02 / 01）

21 - 39

繁體中文

本研究以紅豆品種高雄8號及高雄9號為材料，於2013年春作栽培於嘉義縣、朴子市，探討始花後不同收穫期(40天、50天、60天、70天)及栽培管理方式(有機整合性病蟲害管理、有機無病蟲害管理、慣行栽培)所採收之紅豆種子，進行產量性狀調查(成熟萊果數、成熟莢果重、種子數、種子重、千粒重、小區產量)以及種仁一般成分分析(水分、灰分、粗脂肪、粗蛋白、碳水化合物)，結果如下:不同收穫天數間，高雄8號三種栽培管理產量趨勢不明顯，較集中在始花後50天以後;高雄9號在始花後的、50天有較佳的產量以及種子千粒重。不同栽培管理間，高雄8號有機整合性管理產量在始花後40、60、70天均為最高，有機無病蟲害管理在始花後60與70天有較好的產量，慣行栽培產量在始花後50天最高;高雄9號有機整合性病蟲害管理在所有始花天數都有較高的種子千粒重，有機無病蟲害防治管理產量在始花後50、60天最高，慣行栽培產量在始花後的、70天最高。兩品種紅豆種子不同收穫天數間化學成分大部分隨收穫天數提升有明顯的遞減趨勢，碳水化合物則有隨收穫天數上升有明顯上升的趨勢。栽堵管理間在粗蛋白以及碳水化合物含量差異較大，有機栽培有較高的粗蛋白含量，慣行栽堵有較高的碳水化合物含量。

This experiment used adzuki bean Kaohsiung No.8 and Kaohsiung No.9 as experimental materials, which conducted at an organic farmland of Putzu, Chiayi County in 2013 spring crop. Discussing after flowing of adzuki bean seed in different harvest date (40 days, 50 days , 60 days , 70 days) and cultivation management (organic integrated pest management, organic no pest management, conventional cultivation), which investigated yield characters (mature pods of plant, weight of dry pods, No. of seed, weight of seed, weight of 1000 seeds, seed yield of plot) and seed chemical compositions (moisture, ash, crude fat, crude protein, carbohydrate). The results are as follows: Three cultivation managements of yields with Kaohsiung No.8 are non-significant but more concentrate with 50 days after flowering between different harvest date; Kaohsiung No.9 had better yields and weight of 1000 seed at 40 and 50 days after flowering. Organic integrated pest management of Kaohsiung No.8 had the highest yields at 40 、60 and 70 days after flowering between different cultivation management, organic no pest management had better yields at 60 and 70 days after flowering, conventional cultivation had the highest yields at 50 days after flowering; all of the harvest date of organic integrated pest management in Kaohsiung No.9 had higher weight of 1000 seeds, organic no pest management had the highest yields at 50 and 60 days after flowering, conventional cultivation had the highest yields at 40 and 70 days after flowering. Most of chemical compositions in different harvest date with two varieties of adzuki bean seeds had significant decreasing trend with ascension of harvest date, but carbohydrate had significant increasing trend with ascension of harvest date. Crude protein and carbohydrate had higher difference between cultivation management, organic cultivation had higher content of crude protein, and conventional cultivation had higher content of carbohydrate.