桂竹（禾本科：竹亞科：北美箭竹族）之完整葉綠體基因組及葉下表皮特徵紀錄

The complete chloroplast genome and leaf lower epidermis characters of Phyllostachys makinoi (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Arundinarieae)

龔冠寧(Kuan-Ning Kung)；張坤城(Kun-Cheng Chang)

竹亞科 ； 完整葉綠體基因組 ； 葉下表皮 ； 剛竹屬 ； 桂竹 ； Bambuosideae ； complete chloroplast genome ； lower epidermis ； Phyllostachys ； Phyllostachys makinoi

嘉大農林學報

21卷1期（2024 / 06 / 01）

45 - 64

繁體中文;英文

桂竹（Phyllostachys makinoi Hayata），為臺灣原生竹種，具極高的民生價值，分佈於海拔500～1,500m之間。本研究首次詳細介紹了桂竹的完整葉綠體基因組與葉下表皮的超顯微特徵。在桂竹葉下表皮的結構中，確認由保衛細胞與乳突所形成的複合體中，氣孔由4個長柱狀乳突完全覆蓋氣孔，氣孔深陷不易見，與其他剛竹屬種類相似。桂竹的完整葉綠體基因組序列，合計有139,655個鹼基對（bp），特徵與其他被子植物相同為環狀DNA結構，包含1個83,192bp的大單拷貝（LSC）區域、1個12,869bp的小單拷貝（SSC）區域和1對反向重複（IR）區域，每個反向重複序列長度均為21,798bp，無擴張或收縮狀的情形。此外，葉綠體基因組總共由129個基因組成，其中包含83個蛋白質編碼基因、38個tRNA基因和8個rRNA基因。親緣關係結果顯示桂竹與剛竹屬（Phyllostachys）的物種之間存在密切關係，將其定位為其他剛竹屬物種的姊妹譜系。

Phyllostachys makinoi Hayata, a species native to Taiwan, was distributed at elevations ranging from 500 to 1,500m. In our research, we first thoroughly reported the lower epidermis of leaf characters and the complete chloroplast genome of P. makinoi. We confirmed guard cells and papillae were to construct the complex together. The stomata were covered by 4 long cylindrical papillae and were deeply sunken in the lower epidermis of the leaves, which is the same characteristic as other Phyllostachys species. The complete chloroplast genome of P. makinoi had the same circular DNA structure as other angiosperms and, including a large single-copy (LSC) region of 83,192 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 12,869 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions, each 21,798 bp in length. There was no expansion or contraction of the two IR regions. Additionally, the plastid genome consists of a total of 129 genes, which include 83 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis indicates a close relationship between P. makinoi and other species within the genus Phyllostachys, positioning it as a sister lineage to other Phyllostachys species.