瑞士中立政策轉變之研究－以瑞士加入聯合國為例

The Study of Transition of Switzerland's Neutrality Foreign Policy in the Case of Joining the United Nations

10.7072/AJIS.200407.0107

蔡明螢(Carol Tsai)

瑞士 ； 永久中立 ； 聯合國 ； Switzerland ； Neutrality ； United Nations

國際論壇

3期（2004 / 07 / 01）

107 - 141

繁體中文

2002年3月3日對瑞士政府和其人民來說是個特別的日子，瑞士舉行了第二次自聯合國成立以來就「是否加入聯合國」的問題舉行公民投票，結果顯示有54.61%的選民，及超過12個邦的選票贊成同意加入聯合國，瑞士終於成為聯合國的第190個會員國。公投結果雖然僅以些微的差距通過要求門檻，但是這對有百年中立歷史的瑞士而言卻是邁向國際社會的一大步；本文主要在探究冷戰與後冷戰時代的國際情勢變化如何影響瑞士在中立外交政策上的展現，並以其加入聯合國之過程做為說明，同時對影響瑞士加入聯合國的因素加以分析。

3 March 2002 was a very significant day to Switzerland and his people. Both the people and the cantons (the double majority required) accepted the popular initiative on Switzerland’s membership to the United Nations. Although it’s “just a toe cross the line”, Switzerland became the 190th member of the United Nations eventually. The essay aims to study how international environment affected the country’s foreign policy and the moving of Switzerland’s traditional neutrality in and after the Cold War. And, analyze the reasons of Switzerland’s joining the UN.