题名

台灣地區大學生之俊男美女自覺

作者

吳靜吉;劉翠華;郭俊賢

关键词

內在美特質 ; 外表知覺 ; 外表吸引力 ; 自我意識 ; 自我監控 ; 身體意象 ; 身體滿意度 ; 俊男美女 ; 柔性外在美 ; 剛性外在美

期刊名称

本土心理學研究

卷期/出版年月

9期(1998 / 06 / 01)

页次

307 - 339

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

近年來,「外表吸引力」(physical attractiveness)已躍昇爲心理學研究的重要變項之一。「俊男」、「帥哥」與「美女」則是國人較常用來形容「外表」的習慣用語,雖不一定與「外表吸引力」具有全等的意涵,卻是更符合國情的。本研究目的在編製一分採自評法方式的「俊男美女自學量表」,以瞭解國人對自己「俊」或「美」的自我知覺程度,從個人對自己外表特徵的主觀經驗,來反映個人對自己身體各方面特徵的瞭解與看法。 本量表的編製步驟從開放問卷、預試到正式施測共分爲三個階段,在開放問卷階段,詢問受試心目中的「俊男」和「美女」應該具備哪些條件。以找出國人心目中的俊男、美女到底應具備的重要條件,以作爲知覺自己是否符合一般人所謂俊男、美女的指標。開放問卷共回收一百八十四份,分別就俊男條件、美女條件進行分類、排序及篩選,然後將男女之條件加以對照,先挑出兩者各自具有之條件,再將相似之條件予以合併,最後共級成四十七個項目來作爲判斷俊男美女之條件,這四十七個條件係由二十四個外表項目及二十三個內在物質所組成。在預試階段,受試包括高中生、大學生、研究生、成年男性和成年婦女,有效樣本爲757位,經分析後保留所有題目。 在正式施測階段的受試共有879位大學生,作答方式採四點計分,從「很不符合我」、「不符合我」、「符合我」到「很符合我」。資料回收後,經因素分析後得到三個因素,分別是「內在美物質」、「柔性外在美」和「剛性外在美」。在信度方面,外表自學總量表的內部一致性Cronbach α爲.94,各分量表則分別是,「內在美物質」爲.83,「剛性外在美」爲.84。在效度方面,各分量表之間的相關都小於該分量表和總量表間的相關;在與其它變項之間的相關方面:(1)男女大學在俊男美女各分量表上有顯著差異,女生顯著地比男生認爲自己更符合「柔性外在美」,更不符合「剛性外在美」。(2)俊男美女自覺與自我監控呈顯著的正相關,其中以「外在美物質」與自我監控當中的「觀察敏銳」、「即與表演」和「調整表現、符合要求」三個因素之相關較高。(3)大學生的俊男美女自覺與自我意識的各因素呈顯著正相關,其中以「情緒覺知」、「自我反省」之相關亦高。 本研究所編製「俊男美女自覺量表」在信度上均令人滿意,值得後續研究加以採用。

主题分类 社會科學 > 心理學
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