「提升諮商師處理性議題自在度」課程架構之調查

A Framework of Curriculum on Raising Counselors Comfort to Discuss Sexuality with Clients

10.6384/CIQ.201510_18(4).0006

李珣(Hsun Lee)；林燕卿(Yen-Chin Lin)

人類性學 ； 性自在 ； 性諮商 ； 諮商教育 ； counselor education ； human sexuality ； sexuality comfort ； sexuality counseling

課程與教學

18卷4期（2015 / 10 / 01）

137 - 159

繁體中文

本研究為探索提昇臺灣地區諮商師處理性議題時的自在程度所需之教學與課程架構，文獻發現諮商師對性的自在感受是其是否有意願處理性議題的關鍵因素，故利用文獻對「性自在」的操作型定義，進行德懷術調查，來建構本課程。結果發現提昇諮商師對性的自在度之課程分為3個層面：「性知識」、「自我覺察」與「溝通技能」；最重要之教學單元為11個，依序為「覺察並檢核自己對性的態度、價值觀、信念、迷思、與性行為」、「諮商師對多樣化的性行為之感受與想法」、「覺察在諮商室中的移情與反移情」、「會使用各種正確的性語言而不覺得尷尬或害怕」、「了解性諮商倫理」、「家庭、社會、文化對諮商師性議題之影響與反思」、「性虐待、性侵害、性暴力、與性騷擾」、「諮商師的自我保護」、「案主性議題實作」、「性別認同」、與「探索諮商師自己各階段的性發展歷程與經驗」。

The purpose of this study was to understand and construct the training program of human sexuality for counselors in Taiwan. The report can be used by the program as a pragmatic guide in raising comfort level for counselors to discuss sexuality with clients. Literature review and Delphi Technique were used on to study the topics for the training program for counselors. Eleven essential teaching topics for the program, found by 22 experts, were stated as the followings: (1) being aware and examining one’s own attitude, value, faith, myth and behavior toward sexuality; (2) having adequate knowledge of the various aspects of human sexuality; (3) transference and countertransference in counseling sessions; (4) using accurate language of sexuality; (5) the ethics of sexuality counseling; (6) the influence of family, society and culture to counselor in sexuality; (7) sexual abuse, rape, violence, and harassment; (8) self-protection; (9) practice of sexual counseling; (10) gender identity; (11) exploring the development and experience of counselors in sexuality. Based on the results, the researchers proposed conclusions and suggestions for further studies.

1. 趙慈慧(2011)。心理師參與性諮商訓練之性議題覺察歷程初探研究。性學研究，2(1)，43-78。
   連結：
2. 劉安真、趙淑珠(2006)。看見！？校園同志輔導工作推展之現況與輔導教師對同志諮商之訓練需求調查。中華輔導學報，20，201-230。
   連結：
3. Anderson, M. J.(2002).University of New Orleans.
4. Anderson, W.(1986).Stages of therapist comfort with sexual concerns of clients.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,17,352-356.
5. Berman, L.(1996).New York University.
6. Bruni, E.(1974).Psychotherapists as sex therapists.Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice,11(3),277-281.
7. Campos, P. E.,Brasfield, T. L.,Kelly, J. A.(1989).Psychology training related to AIDS: Survey of doctoral graduate programs and predoctoral internship programs.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,20,214-220.
8. Chubon, R. A.(1981).Development and evaluation of a sexuality and disability course for helping professions.Sexuality and Disability,4(3),3-14.
9. Couldrick, L.(1999).Sexual issues within occupational therapy, part 2: Implication for education and practice.British Journal of Occupational Therapy,62(1),26-30.
10. Cupit, R. W.(2010).University of New Orleans.
11. Evans, D. T(2000).Speaking of sex: The need to dispel myths and overcome fears.British Journal of Nursing,9,650-655.
12. Freeman, S. T.(1989).Issues in training therapists to deal with clients' sexual performance problems.Teaching of Psychology,16,24-26.
13. Fyfe, B.(1980).Counseling and human sexuality: A training model.Personnel and Guidance Journal,59(3),147-150.
14. Graham, C. A.(1982).Corvallis,Oregon State University.
15. Graham, C. A.,Smith, M. M.(1984).Operationalizing the concepts of sexuality comfort: Application for sexuality educators.Journal of School Health,54,439-442.
16. Guthrie, C.(1999).Nurses' perceptions of sexuality relating to patient care.Journal of Clinical Nursing,8,313-332.
17. Haboubi, N. H. J.,Lincoln, N.(2003).Views of health professionals on discussing sexual issues with patients.Disability and Rehabilitation,25(6),291-296.
18. Hallowitz, E.,Shore, D. A.(1978).Small-group process in teaching human sexuality.Health and Social Work,3(4),131-151.
19. Harris, S. M.,Hays, K. W.(2008).Family therapist comfort with and willingness to discuss client sexuality.Journal of Marital and Family Therapy,34,239-250.
20. Hays, K. W.(2002).Texas Tech University.
21. Hedgepeth, E. M.(1988).Union for Experimenting Colleges and Universities.
22. Herson, L.,Hart, K. A.,Gordon, M. J.,Rintala, D. H.(1999).Identifying and overcoming barriers to providing sexuality information in the clinical setting.Rehabilitation Nursing,24,148-151.
23. Jones, M. K.,Weerakoon, P.,Pynor, R. A.(2005).Survey of occupational therapy students' attitudes towards sexual issues in clinical practice.Occupational Therapy International,12(2),95-106.
24. Juergens, M. H. B.(2006).University of Wisconsin-Madison.
25. Juergens, M. H.,Smedema, S. M.,Berven, N. L.(2009).Willingness of graduate students in rehabilitation counseling to discuss sexuality with clients.Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin,53(1),34-43.
26. Kirkendall, L. A.(1950).Sex education as human relations.New York:Inor.
27. Kirkpatrick, J. S.(1975).Guidelines for counseling young people with sexual concerns.Personnel and Guidance Journal,54,145-148.
28. Macaluso, E.,Berkman, A. H.(1984).Sex counseling with groups in a general hospital.The Journal of Contemporary Social Work,65(1),19-26.
29. Mann, J.(1975).Is sex counseling here to stay?.The Counseling Psychologist,5(1),60-63.
30. Masters, W. H.,Johnson, V. E.(1970).Human sexual inadequacy.Boston, MA:Little Brown & Company.
31. McCary, J. L.(1975).Teaching the topic of human sexuality.Teaching of Psychology,2(1),16-21.
32. McConnell, L. G.(1976).An examination of the counsellor's skills when counselling clients with sexual problems.The Family Coordinator,25(2),183-188.
33. McConnell, L. G.(1974).The counsellor and his asexual clients.Canadian Counsellor,8,207-210.
34. Nathan, S. G.(1986).Are clinical psychology graduate students being taught enough about sexuality? A survey of doctoral programs.Journal of Sex Research,22(4),520-525.
35. Penman, J.(2009).Audit and evaluation of a psychosexual counseling service identifying areas for development from a user-focused perspective.Sexual and Relationship Therapy,24(3-4),347-367.
36. Roche, B. F.(1998).New York University.
37. Stayton, W. R.(1998).A curriculum for training professionals in human sexuality using the Sexual Attitude Restructuring (SAR) model.Journal of Sex Education and Therapy,23,26-32.
38. Weerakoon, P.,Sitharthan, G.,Skowronski, D.(2008).Online sexuality education and health professional students' comfort in dealing with sexual issues.Sexual and Relationship Therapy,23(3),247-257.
39. Weerakoon, P.,Stiernborg, M.(1996).Sexuality education for health care professionals: A critical review of the literature.Annual Review of Sex Research,7,181-217.
40. Wiederman, M. W.,Sansone, R. A.(1999).Sexuality training for professional psychologists: A national survey of training directors of doctoral programs and predoctoral internships.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,30(3),312-317.
41. Yallop, S.,Fitzgerald, M. H.(1997).Exploration of occupational therapists' comfort with client sexuality issues.Australian Occupational Therapy Journal,44,53-60.
42. 王瑤芬、林美玲(2007)。國際觀光旅館飲務人員專業能力之研究—以調酒員為例。餐旅暨家政學刊，4(3)，269-292。
43. 伍柏翰(2007)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。臺南，國立臺南大學資訊教育研究所。
44. 呂嘉惠(2006)。專業助人工作者面對學生性議題的自我準備與諮商概念。學生輔導，102，26-35。
45. 李秉涓(2008)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。新竹，國立新竹教育大學教育心理與諮商學系。
46. 阮芳賦、林燕卿(2003)。人類性學。臺北:華騰。
47. 周珞琦、馮容莊(1996)。婦癌病人治療後性生活滿意度的探討。榮總護理，13(3)，1996。
48. 林燕卿(2012)。行政院科技部專題研究成果報告行政院科技部專題研究成果報告,行政院科技部。
49. 林蕙瑛(2008)。性諮商在臺灣的發展歷程與我個人的經驗。世界華人性學家協會（WACS）成立大會暨性學高峰論壇，中國深圳:
50. 林蕙瑛編譯、Wincze, J. P.、Carey, M. P.(2003)。性功能障礙─評量與治療指南。臺北:性林文化。
51. 張騄遠(1994)。中華民國自由地區公私立高中、高職輔導人員對同性戀的態度研究。民意月刊，186，64-67。
52. 陳舒婷(2007)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。高雄，樹德科技大學人類性學研究所。
53. 劉焜輝(2010)。盲點—諮商師對「性諮商」的無知與應知。諮商與輔導，292，65。

1. 陳瓊雅,陳國彥(2021)。「性研究」精選期刊之內容分析：以1990～2019年The Journal of Sex Rescarch為例。性學研究，11(2)，29-49。
2. 彭偉旗(2022)。探究性侵害加害人處遇團體之倫理議題。諮商與輔導，444，39-42。
3. 修慧蘭,余振民(2018)。新手諮商師移情愛治療經驗之個案研究。輔導季刊，54(3)，31-44。
4. 鍾成鴻,廖紀華,林燕卿(2021)。台灣性騷擾研究發展與展望：文獻回顧報告。性學研究，12(1)，87-103。
5. 鍾芃甄(2022)。異性戀伴侶性契合概念之質性探討及其影響因素。性學研究，12(2)，37-54。
6. (2018)。澳門近二十年（1997-2016）「性」議題研究的脈絡與趨勢。樹德科技大學學報，20(2)，53-73。