全身性震動訓練對骨質密度的影響

Effect of Whole-Body Vibration on Bone Mineral Density

10.6162/SRR.2011.114.13

劉宗翰(Tsung-Han Liu)；梁玉秋(Yu-Chiou Liang)；江政凌(Cheng-Lin Chiang)；林志隆(Chih-Lung Lin)

反射收縮 ； 物理治療 ； 骨質疏鬆症 ； 骨重塑作用 ； 阻力訓練 ； reflex contraction ； physical therapy ； osteoporosis ； bone remodeling ； resistance training

大專體育

114期（2011 / 06 / 01）

85 - 91

繁體中文

全身性震動訓練(whole-body vibration, WBV)為新興而安全的物理治療介入，震動刺激可藉由力學傳遞路徑(mechanotransduction)增進局部骨質密度，隨著傳導距離越遠效果則消失，骨骼肌反射收縮(reflex contraction)亦可刺激骨骼合成作用(bone formation)，但對震動強度則呈非劑量依賴性反應，且相同刺激對年輕、骨質密度(bone mineral density, BMD)低或體重輕者反應較顯著。此外，震動刺激亦可調節全身性骨代謝荷爾蒙，提高骨合成作用，並抑制骨吸收作用(bone resorption)，且不同對象及震動頻率則有不同的骨重塑作用(bone remodeling)。在震動平臺上進行動態或靜態的阻力訓練動作，可增加更年期女性、高齡男性及殘疾病童的骨質密度(BMD)，而對年輕成年人效果則不一致。因此需針對特定對象探討震動頻率、強度對局部及全身骨骼可能的影響，並進一步研究影響骨細胞作用可能的分子機轉。

Whole-body vibration (WBV) is a new and safe approach of physical therapy. Stimulation of WBV activates mechanotransduction in bone and stimulates bone formation to increase local bone mineral density (BMD). However, this effect seems to diminish depending on vibrating distance. WBV-induced reflex contraction via the muscle spindle can also produce sufficient physical stimulation to elicit osteogenesis. The vibrating intensity is a non-dose-dependent response. WBV-induced increase in BMD occurs in lower BMD, lighter weight or young subjects. However, the positive effect of WBV on BMD in young adults is still inconclusive. Moreover, WBV can also regulate systemic bone remodeling through hormones that regulates bone formation and resorption. The users perform simply static and/or dynamic actions of resistant exercise on the vibrating platform. It has been reported that WBV can ameliorate BMD and prevent bone fractures in elderly, menopausal women and disabled children. Previous studies have shown in different populations that various vibrating frequencies may mediate the different response of bone remodeling. Thus, further research is warranted with various vibrating parameters on local and systemic BMD in specific population and on its molecular mechanism of bone metabolism.

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