概述運動員生物檢測護照

The Athlete Biological Passport in Doping

10.6162/SRR.2012.118.11

孫芮蓁(Jui-Chen Sun)；許美智(Mei-Chich Hsu)

違規輸血 ； 基因工程之人類紅血球生成素 ； 紅血球壓積 ； 平均血球容積 ； blood doping ； recombinant human erythropoietin ； hematocrit ； mean corpuscular volume

大專體育

118期（2012 / 02 / 01）

72 - 77

繁體中文

因工程之人類紅血球生成素（recombinant human erythropoietin, rHuEPO）違規使用特別常見於耐力性運動選手；如職業自行車選手和越野滑雪選手。違規輸血（blood doping）會對運動員造成相當大風險，因為使用rHuEPO會致紅血球量增加，加上運動後脫水，造成血液黏稠度及收縮壓上升，增加血管栓塞及中風的風險，嚴重甚至導致死亡。然而，目前rHuEPO的檢測上是有困難的，傳統運動禁藥檢測方法是直接檢測標記物質或其相關代謝產物，此方法有侷限性，因為即使是在最健全的賽外運動禁藥監控程序下，當運動員使用藥物後過一段時間或是使用低劑量藥物時，也有可能不會被檢測出有使用藥物的事實。所以建立一個健全的長期監測計劃，定期對運動員確實監測其相關特定物質（如：EPO），並收集相關值構成個人長期監測變量，鍵入資料庫做為該運動員自己生物護照的參考基礎，為一種更具智慧、更有效檢測違規輸血的方法。

Blood doping using recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) is common in professional athletes in cycling and cross-country skiing. Blood doping considerably increases the risk of death in athletes, since dehydration during exercise in conjunction with increased blood viscosity, systolic blood pressure, and embolization predisposed athletes in the risk of stroke. However, the current rHuEPO detection method has limitations when an athlete uses substances on an intermittent or low-dose basis which may go undetected under even the most robust doping control program. To establish a longitudinal monitoring program, the longitudinal profile of EPO specific parameters must be established by monitoring athletes on a regular basis.

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