桌球運動傷害之預防與處置原則

Prevention and Treatment of Table Tennis Injuries

10.6162/SRR.201912_(151).0005

陳建利(Jiann-Li Chen)；唐嘉佑(Chia-Yu Tang)；董牧喬(Mu-Chiao Tung)

網球肘 ； 髕骨肌腱炎 ； 肩關節夾擠症候群 ； tennis elbow ； patellar tendonitis ； shoulder impingement syndrome

大專體育

151期（2019 / 12 / 31）

48 - 61

繁體中文

桌球是現今的主流運動之一，對於一般民眾，桌球不僅可作為休閒娛樂活動，並可提升健康及培養運動的好習慣；對於競技運動選手來說，桌球訓練的主要目標為追求勝利並爭取榮耀。而在追求目標的過程中，每日長時間的訓練，同時強度亦會隨著近年來球體直徑的加大、規則的改變等而跟著增加。因此，在上述多種原因下，桌球運動傷害發生的機率大大提升。本文目的乃在探討桌球常見運動傷害之預防與基本處置原則，透過相關文獻回顧及研究資料的彙整，分析結果歸納出七項桌球常見運動傷害，包括：手部挫傷、肌肉痙攣、網球肘、踝關節扭傷、髕骨肌腱炎、下背痛及肩關節夾擠症候群等，並針對每項運動傷害的預防工作、緊急處置及傷後治療加以說明，以期藉由本文提供選手與教練對桌球運動傷害的辨識及發生機制的瞭解，並能更加重視運動傷害的預防並做出適當的傷後處置。

Table tennis is a mainstream sport. Table tennis provides leisure and entertainment to numerous communities, and also improves health and develops exercise as a virtuous habit. However, competitive table tennis players mainly pursue glory and aim to win. Any player who hopes to pursue the goal of professional play must train intensely every day for long periods, meet strict requirements, and keep up with changes in the official rules. Therefore, players who aspire to professional status have a higher probability of sports injuries than amateurs do. This article aims to explore the principles of prevention and the basic treatment of common table tennis injuries. This paper reviews relevant literature and research data regarding seven common table tennis injuries, namely hand contusion, muscle spasms, tennis elbows, ankle sprains, patellar tendonitis, lower back pain, and shoulder impingement syndrome. We also explained the prevention, emergence, and post injury treatment of each sports injury to instruct athletes and coaches and to raise concern regarding these issues.

1. 白慧嬰, H.-Y.,丁麗珍, L.-C.,杜美華, M.-H.(2003)。青少年桌球選手運動傷害調查。北體學報，11，225-233。
   連結：
2. 何長仁, C.-J.(2008)。運動員踝關節的傷害與復健。輔仁大學體育學刊，7，217-228。
   連結：
3. 畢經隆, C.-L.(2003)。角力運動傷害的分類與處理方式。體育學系系刊，3，113-124。
   連結：
4. 郭嘉民, C.-M.,洪美娟, M.-C.(2008)。桌球運動訓練中常見的傷害與預防。大專體育，94，173-179。
   連結：
5. 陳建彰, C.-C.(2005)。影響桌球技能相關因素之探討與計畫。輔仁大學體育學刊，4，364-375。
   連結：
6. 陳柏州, P.-C.,陳裕鏞, Y.-Y.(2011)。運動員之下背痛。大專體育，112，76-83。
   連結：
7. Bhashyam, A. R.,Logan, C. A.,Rider, S. M.,Schurko, B.,Provencher, M. T.(2018).A systematic review of taping for pain management in shoulder impingement.The Orthopaedic Journal at Harvard Medical School,19,18-23.
8. Chou, R.,Qaseem, A.,Snow, V.,Casey, D.,Cross, J. T.,Shekelle, P.,Owens, D. K.(2007).Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain: A joint clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society.Annals of Internal Medicine,147(7),478-491.
9. Doherty, C.,Bleakley, C.,Hertel, J.,Caulfield, B.,Ryan, J.,Delahunt, E.(2016).Recovery from first-time lateral ankle sprain and the predictors of chronic ankle instability: A prospective cohort analysis.The American Journal of Sports Medicine,44(4),995-1003.
10. Ebadi, L. A.,Günay, M.(2018).Analysing of the types of injuries observed in table tennis players according to the some variables.IOSR Journal of Sports and Physical Education,5(4),21-26.
11. Ellenbecker, T. S.,Cools, A.(2010).Rehabilitation of shoulder impingement syndrome and rotator cuff injuries: An evidence-based review.British Journal of Sports Medicine,44(5),319-327.
12. Fong, D. T.-P.,Ha, S. C.-W.,Mok, K.-M.,Chan, C. W.-L.,Chan, K.-M.(2012).Kinematics analysis of ankle inversion ligamentous sprain injuries in sports: Five cases from televised tennis competitions.The American Journal of Sports Medicine,40(11),2627-2632.
13. Kachanathu, S. J.,Miglani, S.,Grover, D.,Zakaria, A. R.(2013).Forearm band versus elbow taping: As a management of lateral epicondylitis.Journal of Musculoskeletal Research,16(1),1350003.
14. Karr, A.,Pearl, L.(2015).Kinesiology taping: Your guide to the best methods and techniques.Washington, DC:Little Pearl.
15. Kibler, W. B.,Ludewig, P. M.,McClure, P. W.,Michener, L. A.,Bak, K.,Sciascia, A. D.(2013).Clinical implications of scapular dyskinesis in shoulder injury: The 2013 consensus statement from the ‘scapular summit.’.British Journal of Sports Medicine,47(14),877-885.
16. Kjaer, M.,Krogsgaard, M.,Magnusson, P.,Engebretsen, L.,Roos, H.,Takala, T.,Woo, S. L.-Y.(2003).Textbook of sports medicine: Basic science and clinical aspects of sports injury and physical activity.Hoboken, NJ:Wiley-Blackwell.
17. Knight, K. L.(2008).Editorial. More precise classification of orthopaedic injury types and treatment will improve patient care.Journal of Athletic Training,43(2),117-118.
18. Kondrič, M.,Matković, B. R.,Furjan-Mandić, G.,Hadžić, V.,Dervišević, E.(2011).Injuries in racket sports among Slovenian players.Collegium Antropologicum,35(2),413-417.
19. Maruvada, S.,Varacallo, M.(2018).Anatomy, rotator cuff.Treasure Island, FL:StatPearls.
20. Miller, K. C.,Stone, M. S.,Huxel, K. C.,Edwards, J. E.(2010).Exercise-associated muscle cramps: Causes, treatment, and prevention.Sports Health,2(4),279-283.
21. Morel, E. A.,Zagatto, A. M.(2008).Adaptation of the lactate minimum, critical power and anaerobic threshold tests for assessment of the aerobic/anaerobic transition in a protocol specific for table tennis.Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte,14(6),518-522.
22. Orchard, J.,Kountouris, A.(2011).The management of tennis elbow.British Medical Journal,342,d2687.
23. Peers, K. H.,Lysens, R. J.(2005).Patellar tendinopathy in athletes: Current diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations.Sports Medicine,35(1),71-87.
24. Pullinger, S. A.,Rejeb, A.,Varamenti, E.,Cardinale, M.(2019).Training load and injury incidence over one season in adolescent Arab table tennis players: A pilot study.Asian Journal of Sports Medicine,10(3),e84592.
25. Qian, J.,Zhang, Y.,Baker, J. S.,Gu, Y.(2016).Effects of performance level on lower limb kinematics during table tennis forehand loop.Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics,18(3),149-155.
26. Reinking, M. F.(2016).Current concepts in the treatment of patellar tendinopathy.International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy,11(6),854-866.
27. Smidt, N.,van der Windt, D. A.(2006).Tennis elbow in primary care.British Medical Journal,333,927.
28. Smith, C.,Kruger, M. J.,Smith, R. M.,Myburgh, K. H.(2008).The inflammatory response to skeletal muscle injury: Illuminating complexities.Sports Medicine,38(11),947-969.
29. Williams, S.,Whatman, C.,Hume, P. A.,Sheerin, K.(2012).Kinesio taping in treatment and prevention of sports injuries: A meta-analysis of the evidence for its effectiveness.Sports Medicine,42(2),153-164.
30. Yu, C.,Shao, S.,Awrejcewicz, J.,Baker, J. S.,Gu, Y.(2019).Lower limb maneuver investigation of chasse steps among male elite table tennis players.Medicina,55(4),97.
31. 中華民國桌球協會=Chinese Taipei Table Tennis Association(2009)。中華民國桌球協會（2009）。桌球規則。臺北市：作者。[Chinese Taipei Table Tennis Association. (2009). The laws of table tennis. Taipei, Taiwan: Author.]。
32. 王明月, M.-Y.(1998)。大專桌球選手運動傷害調查。中華體育季刊，12(3)，34-40。
33. 朱昌勇, C.-Y.(2013)。桌球運動傷害之急救處理原則─PRICE。高應科大體育，12，222-230。
34. 朱啟娥, Q.-E.,劉麗芬, L.-F.(2009)。湖北省青少年乒乓球運動員肩部運動損傷的調查研究。咸寧學院學報，29(6)，142-143。
35. 江金裕, C.-Y.(2003)。運動傷害預防與急救處理。國民教育，43(4)，58-63。
36. 吳敬平, J.-P.(2000)。從揚州世界盃看大球帶來了哪些變化。乒乓世界，12，25-27。
37. 李莉, L.,金林子, L.-Z.(2012)。乒乓球運動員損傷及預防研究。河南師範大學學報（自然科學版），40(2)，178-180。
38. 李嶸, R.(2010)。乒乓球運動員膝關節損傷的機理及預防。運動，12，153-154。
39. 周鳳珍, F.-C.(2014)。臺北市=Taipei, Taiwan，臺北市立大學競技運動訓練研究所=University of Taipei。
40. 邱翼松, I.-S.,鄭憲成, H.-C.(2008)。跆拳道運動傷害與處理原則。高苑學報，14，439-452。
41. 崔樹青, S.-Q.(1995)。乒乓球運動員慢性腰疼診斷分析。中國體育科技，7，67-68。
42. 許太彥, T.-Y.,游竣宇, J.-Y.(2011)。穿戴髕腱加壓帶對著地生物力學參數之影響。屏東教大體育，14，303-316。
43. 華一中, Y.-Z.,葉鷹, Y.(2014)。江蘇省男隊乒乓球運動員運動損傷現狀與對策研究。哈爾濱體育學院學報，4，92-96。
44. 黃啟煌, C.-H.,陳美燕, M.-Y.,李榮哲, R.-Z.(1999)。運動傷害調查種類之探討。大專體育，43，100-105。
45. 趙宏圖, H.-T.(2008)。對乒乓球運動損傷部位及預防方法的研究。成功，11，263。
46. 駱明瑤, M.-Y.(2015).運動傷害與肌內效貼布.臺中市=Taichung, Taiwan:華都文化=Farseeing.
47. 謝文堂, W.-T.(2005)。臺北市=Taipei, Taiwan，中國文化大學運動教練研究所=Chinese Culture University。
48. 魏君同, J.-T.(2011)。屏東市=Pingtung, Taiwan，國立屏東教育大學體育學系=National Pingtung University of Education。
49. 龔文華, W.-H.(2006)。臺南市=Tainan, Taiwan，國立臺南大學體育教育學系=National University of Tainan。

1. 楊正群,黃丞薇,陳建賓(2021)。教練教學反思對中老年人桌球技能學習影響之探究。交大體育學刊，17，90-101。