個人健身教練以跨理論模式建構健身運動指導策略

Constructing Principles of Instruction for Personal Fitness Trainers Based on the Transtheoretical Model

10.6162/SRR.202407_(168).0002

鄧俊彥(Chun-Yen Teng)；黃俊豪(Jiun-Hau Huang)；康正男(Cheng-Nan Kang)

行為改變模式 ； 運動行為改變 ； 自我效能 ； 決策平衡 ； behavior change models ； exercise behavior change ； self-efficacy ； decisional balance

大專體育

168期（2024 / 07 / 01）

15 - 33

繁體中文;英文

在現今健身教練培育系統下，對於如何應用運動行為改變模式來提升指導效率並無著墨太多，導致健身教練難以幫助客戶建立正確的運動習慣。本文目的以文獻回顧方式從健身產業的現況與個人健身教練培育出發，以跨理論模式為分析基礎，探討健身運動客戶接受健身指導前、指導中和指導後不同階段其運動行為的歷程，藉此提出健身運動指導策略的規劃，以及如何以應用跨理論模式及整合運動心理與行為科學理論設計指導情境與策略。經分析後顯示指導策略如下：一、指導前：基於諮詢與閒聊等方式蒐集資料，藉以評估信心並建立正確認知與合理目標。二、指導中：基於檢測結果來設計難度適中之課表，藉以獲得成就並激發動機。三、指導後：基於定期檢測成果來設立各種階段目標，藉以提升信心並維持動機。本研究結果期能提供個人健身教練作為日後指導健身運動之參考，以求進一步提升健身運動之成效。

The current system for fitness trainers often fails to prioritize the utilization of exercise behavior change models; this oversight can hinder the ability to effectively assist clients in developing proper exercise habits. The purpose of this article is to conduct a literature review probing the fitness industry and the training system of personal fitness trainers. We explore the various stages of exercise that clients go through before, during, and after instruction. A method for designing appropriate principles of fitness exercise is proposed, based on the transtheoretical model and in conjunction with sports psychology and behavioral science theories, all while considering the target audience and relevant circumstances. Principles of instruction discovered during analysis include the following: (a) Before instruction: Gather information through consultation to assess each client's self-efficacy, foster an understanding of fitness principles, and develop reasonable goals. (b) During instruction: Create a training schedule that is tailored to each client's assessment and exercise performance, with appropriate intensity and reasonable frequency to help boost motivation. (c) After instruction: Set challenging and attainable progressive goals based on regular assessment to increase clients' self-efficacy and maintain their motivation. These results can serve as a valuable reference for personal fitness trainers designing effective training instructions that lead to better exercise behavior change and fitness outcomes for each client.