婦女健康管理對幼兒行爲發展的影響

The Influence of Women's Health Management on the Development of Children's Behavior

10.29494/LN.200706.0002

方郁文；黃慧娜

婦女健康 ； 健康促進 ； 心理衛生 ； 幼兒行爲 ； women's health ； health promotion ； mental health ； children's behavior

領導護理

8卷1期（2007 / 06 / 01）

10 - 17

繁體中文

要營造一個健康和諧的家庭環境，一個身心健康的婦女是不可或缺的角色。過去婦女政策多著重於是否產出健康的下一代，即侷限在婦女生育功能的維護，鮮少顧慮到婦女身、心健康的平衡。然而身、心、社會健康是相互影響的，尤其是現代女性，必須承受家庭、工作、生活等各方面的壓力，甚至是暴力侵害，若非調適得當，並養成良好的生活習慣和態度，其受壓抑或受創的心靈及焦慮等情緒反應，將深遠影響自己往後的健康及孩子的教養和未來的人格發展。過去研究指出，影響健康促進的相關因素包括：個人認知健康的重要性、自覺健康狀況、自覺健康控制、健康促進行爲的利益與障礙等。而年齡愈大、教育程度愈高、工作年資愈久，愈能執行健康的生活型態。健康的個人行爲包括：健康的生活方式、健康的嗜好、運動、社區及醫療資源利用等，而這些行爲卻受到不同的社會、心理、文化等多重角度的影響。有鑑於此，本文探討相關文獻，瞭解影響婦女們身、心健康的家庭文化背景、工作狀況、對身心健康的認知和態度等相關因素，期以喚起政府相關單位重視育有幼兒婦女的實際需求，提供必要的協助，以利身心已健康促進。使她們在承受多方的壓力下仍能認知身、心平衡之重要，培養良好的健康生活型態與方式，並以健康的態度來教養幼兒，減少問題青少年的產生。同時也期勉自己在日後中老年的階段能有較好的身心狀況，減少家庭社會的負擔。

A healthy woman, both physically and psychologically, plays a critical role in maintaining an environment for a healthy and harmonious family. In the past, women's health policy focused mainly, on women's ability to bear a healthy generat ion and was narrowly limited to women's reproductive function, but seldom addressed the need on the balance of physical and psychosocial aspects of a woman's health. Physical, mental, and social aspects of a woman's health actually interact with each other, especially for women in modem society, who have to endure more pressures from family, job, and daily life, sometimes even violence. If they can't cope with these kinds of pressure properly cultivate good habits and attitude, the harmful effects on their health will be far-reaching. Their mental suppression and anxieties will seriously influence their health and their children's upbringing and personality in the future. Researches have shown that important factors that promote health are: personal recognition to the importance of health, self-conscious of one's health condition, self-motivated health control, aware of the benefits and obstacles of health improving behavior. People who are older, with higher education, have more work experiences usually have better and healthier life pattern. Healthy personal behaviors include healthy life style, habits, exercise, better utilization to local and medical resources etc. However all these are also influenced differently by society, psychology and culture. n this paper, we review all the prior references on the factors influencing women's physical-psychological health, such as family culture, working condition, recognition and attitude to health etc. We hope to arise our government to pay more attention to the real demands of women for their own healthy improvement. Enable women to recognize the importance of keeping balance between physical and mental health by cultivating good healthy life pattern and educating their children with healthy attitude, through which the number of problem children can be reduced. At the same time, these behavior can also allow women to keep better health condition when they are getting old and hence reduce the burden of society and nation.