組織行為再定義與新典範：西方的回顧與展望

Redefinition and New Paradigm of Organizational Behavior: A Critical Review

劉世南(Shyh-Nan Lion)

組織行為定義 ； 中間典範 ； 多層組織理論 ； redefinition of organization behavior ； meso-paradigm ； multilevel organizational theory

應用心理研究

20期（2003 / 12 / 01）

139 - 180

繁體中文

有鑑於2002年在台灣舉辦的「組織行為在台灣：三十年回顧與展望」研討會缺少台灣之外的組織行為發展背景，本文乃以整理西方組織行為學界反省後的啟示，提供作為台灣組織行為研究發展的借鏡。本文以組識行為研究再定義及新典範兩主題整理西方反省：(l)組織行為再定義，是思考組織行為此種科際整合領域，發展為獨立學門的正確定位；所提出組織行為之大O定義：「組織形成任務的研究」，即是發展組織行為領域競爭力的核心能力，及領域獨特性的核心議題。(2)組織行為新典範，係嘗試整合過去微觀與巨觀取向之分流，所發展之多層組織理論的中間典範。本文指出中間典範正是探討組織化任務（組織行為中心議題）的方法論基礎，而多層組織理論即為組織行為此種科際整合領域所缺乏屬於自己的理論，因此本文分別整理跨層組織研究的建構原則及執行策略，以作為實踐組織行為新趨勢（中間典範）及新議題（組織化任務）之參考。在學習西方的提醒之後，本文提出以關係主義建構華人社會組織之組織化任務，是台灣組織行為研究的核心能力，並採發展地方創新能力與區域優勢的觀念，就實踐台灣以及西方對於組織行為研究的展望，整理在台灣的學術環境有待建設之研究條件。

The aim of the present paper is to integrate critical reviews conducted by western researchers on the development of organizational behavior (OB) studies during the past forty years. Drawn on reports of Heath & Sitkins (2001), Porter (1996), House, Rousseau & Thomas-Hunt (1995), and Klein & Kozlowski (2000), it is noted that the paradigm shift in the main stream of Western OB studies is to redefine OB research as the study of tasks of organizing behavior using meso-paradigm approach. I then proposes principles and strategies for building multilevel organizational theory as the foundation of meso-paradigm for investigating tasks of organizing behavior. Adopting strategies of western OB researchers, I suggest that the competing advantage of Taiwanese OB research is to study tasks of organizing behavior under the context of Chinese society using social relations approach. The infrastructure for promoting Taiwanese innovative capability in OB research is also discussed.

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